vat

Laefevian

Etymology

From Proto-Laefevic *bʱatah, from Proto-Laenkean *bʱatas (“eye”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /vat/

Noun

vat

(anatomy) eye
Jans vat vi šuñǧas.
My left eye hurts.

Inflection

Primary case declension of vat (see Laefevian declension)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	vat	vatund	vatir
accusative	vate	vatundi	vati
genitive	vatau	vatundas	vatas, vatiras^†
dative	vatun	vatundon	vatiron^s, vaton^c
locative	vatul	vatundos	vatiros^s, vatos^c
instrumental	vatô	vatundêt	vatirêt^s, vatêt^c
Note: ^† archaic, ^s standard or formal, ^c colloquial or informal.

Secondary case declension of vat (see Laefevian declension)
accusative-based cases	singular	dual	plural
sublative	vatere	vatundire	vatire
illative	vatele	vatundile	vatile
benefactive	vatear	vatundiar	vatiar
prolative	vatekwe	vatundikwe	vatikwe
causal-final	vatedis	vatundirris	vatirris
genitive-based cases	singular	dual	plural
delative	vatôka	vatundirka	vatirka
elative	vatôtan	vatundirtan	vatirtan
ablative	vataôn	vatundiruôn	vatiruôn
essive	vatôjøn	vatundirjøn	vatirjøn
abessive	vatôze	vatundirse	vatirse
dative-based cases	singular	dual	plural
terminative	vatumas	vatundirmas	vatirmas
lative	vatunši	vatundirši	vatirši
locative-based cases	singular	dual	plural
superessive	vatunere^s, vatuner^c	vatundirorre^s, vatundorre^c	vatirorre^s, vatorre^c
inessive	vatulle	vatundirolle^s, vatundolle^c	vatirolle^s, vatolle^c
exessive	vatunun	vatundirsun	vatirsun
perlative	vatuffêl	vatundirfêl	vatirfêl
instrumental-based cases	singular	dual	plural
translative	vatôske	vatundirêske^s, vatundêske^c	vatirêske^s, vatêske^c
comitative	vatôsôd^s, vatôd^c	vatundirtôd^s, vatundôd^c	vatirtôd
Note: ^s standard or formal, ^c colloquial or informal.

Possessive forms of {{{6}}}
possessor	singular	dual	plural
1^st person	ovvat	þevvat	avvat
2^nd person	ivvat	filvat	sôvvat
3^rd person	javvat	lunvat	lavvat
reflexive	yvvat

Translations

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Radestrian

Alternative forms

-at (enclitic form)

Etymology

From Middle Radestrian hvatt, from Old Radestrian hlatt, inherited from Proto-Radic *hılht, from Proto-Hirdic *p̄ɯl-. from Proto-Laenkean *pɯl-, Suppleted forms from Old Radestrian rnatht, from Proto-Hirdic *snat-, from Proto-Laenkean *(s)natʼ-.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /vat/
Rhyme: -at⁽²⁾

Verb

vat (first-person singular non-past vage, third-person singular non-past vaș, first-person singular past hâlei, rnoșei, present adverbial participle rnastivú, past adverbial participle rnatúl, verbal noun hovaș, rnataș)

(copulative) to be (equivalence)
Antonym: hjeat

Vâs voí asmeșír-aș!
He’s just a boy!
(copulative) Used with adjectival predicates to describe characteristics of the subject.
Ú þyriș-age.
I am German.
(copulative) Used with adverbial predicates to describe states of the subject.
Ú ỉ vage.
I am hot. / I feel hot.
(intransitive) to exist, there to be, also used in constructions which translate as to have.
Vagú þrane la virșa dziun!
There are animals in my house!

Ven dzínis-aș.
I have a daughter. (lit. To me there is a daughter.)
(intransitive, stative) to be (in a place, at a time)
U haldzỉr teral-âleș.
The architect was here.
(auxiliary) to be (used to form the continuous aspect with the present adverbial participle)
(auxiliary) to have (used to form the perfective aspect with the past adverbial participle)

Usage notes

When introducing a predicate ending in a consonant, the enclitic form -at can be used.
The verb vat does not have a connegative form.
- For negations of vat in all senses, the verb hjeat is used.
Indicative non-past depersonal forms are only used emphatically. Otherwise, they are elided.
The verbal noun hovaș tends to refer to identities, whereas rnataș refers to states.
Past forms in hâl- are the most common.
- Past forms in rnos- are used mainly to imply a contrast between the past and the present.

Conjugation

Template:rad-conj-act Alternative conjugation with past forms in rnos-: Template:rad-conj-act

Translations

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