sá: Difference between revisions

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(Created page with "== Radestrian == === Alternative forms === * {{l|rad|-șá}} (''pronominal enclitic'') * {{l|rad|sjáv}} (''before the definite article'') === Etymology === From {{inherit|rad|rad-m|șá}}, from {{inherit|rad|rad-o|šǣ}}, inherited from {{inherit|rad|rad-pro|šǣ}}, from {{inherit|rad|hrd-pro|sjē}}, from {{inherit|rad|lnk-pro|sjej-|sjej}}. {{root|rad|lnk-pro|sjej-}} === Pronunciation === {{rad-pr|colloquial|ʃa}} === Preposition === {{head|rad|preposition }} # {{la...")
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{{also|sa}}
== Radestrian ==
== Radestrian ==


=== Alternative forms ===
=== Alternative forms ===
* {{l|rad|-șá}} (''pronominal enclitic'')
* {{l|rad|-sá}} (''pronominal enclitic'')
* {{l|rad|sjáv}} (''before the definite article'')
* {{l|rad|sáv}} (''before the definite article'')


=== Etymology ===
=== Etymology ===
From {{inherit|rad|rad-m|șá}},
From {{inherit|rad|rad-m|sá}},
from {{inherit|rad|rad-o|šǣ}},
from {{inherit|rad|rad-o|sǣ}},
inherited
inherited
from {{inherit|rad|rad-pro|šǣ}},
from {{inherit|rad|rad-pro|śǣ}},
from {{inherit|rad|hrd-pro|sjē}},
from {{inherit|rad|hrd-pro|sjē}},
from {{inherit|rad|lnk-pro|sjej-|sjej}}.
from {{inherit|rad|lnk-pro|sjej-|sjej}}.
Line 15: Line 16:


=== Pronunciation ===
=== Pronunciation ===
{{rad-pr|colloquial|ʃa}}
{{rad-pr|colloquial|sa}}


=== Preposition ===
=== Preposition ===
{{head|rad|preposition
{{head|rad|preposition
}}
}} {{+|rad prep|dat}}
# {{label|rad|spatial}} {{eng|to}} (abode/establishment/boundary) [+dative] [[Category:Radestrian prepositions governing the dative]]
# {{label|rad|spatial}} {{eng|to}} (abode/establishment/boundary)
#: {{ex|rad|<b>Sjá</b> stíma fyelge.|I’m going <b>to</b> a friend’s.}}
#: {{ex|rad|<b>Sá</b> stíma fvelge.|I’m going <b>to</b> a friend’s.}}
#: {{ex|rad|<b>Sjáv</b> ag ardesa horte.|I’m driving <b>to</b> work.}}
#: {{ex|rad|<b>Sáv</b> ag ardesa horte.|I’m driving <b>to</b> work.}}
#: {{ex|rad|<b>Sáv</b> a dziun fvelge.|I’m walking <b>to</b> the house.}}


==== Usage notes ====
==== Usage notes ====
* Before the definite article, the form {{m|rad|sjáv}} is used.
* Before the definite article, the form {{m|rad|sáv}} is used.
** Historically, the <b>-v</b> is from the definite article, rather than an older form of the preposition. This <b>v</b> was then rebracketed by analogy with other prepositions, such as {{m|rad|fje}}, which have definite forms in <b>-v</b>.
** Historically, the <b>-v</b> is from the definite article, rather than an older form of the preposition. This <b>v</b> was then rebracketed by analogy with other prepositions, such as {{m|rad|fje}}, which have definite forms in <b>-v</b>.
{{rad-enclisis|dat}}
==== Related terms ====
{{columns|rad
|se-
}}


==== See also ====
==== See also ====
{{rad-sprep}}
{{rad-sprep}}

Latest revision as of 14:49, 20 August 2024

See also: sa

Radestrian

Alternative forms

  • -sá (pronominal enclitic)
  • sáv (before the definite article)

Etymology

From Middle Radestrian sá, from Old Radestrian sǣ, inherited from Proto-Radic *śǣ, from Proto-Hirdic *sjē, from Proto-Laenkean *sjej.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /saː/
    • (colloquial) /sa/
  • Rhymes: -aː (4), -a (58)

Preposition

sá [with dative]

  1. (spatial) to (abode/establishment/boundary)
    Sá stíma fvelge.
    I’m going to a friend’s.
    Sáv ag ardesa horte.
    I’m driving to work.
    Sáv a dziun fvelge.
    I’m walking to the house.

Usage notes

  • Before the definite article, the form sáv is used.
    • Historically, the -v is from the definite article, rather than an older form of the preposition. This v was then rebracketed by analogy with other prepositions, such as fje, which have definite forms in -v.
  • The enclitic form is used in combination with weak pronominal complements:

Combined pronominal forms of sá 
case personal
SG PL REFL RECP
1 2 3 1 2 3
ANIM INAN INCL EXCL ANIM INAN
ú re vâs vara dzun dzate sjáște vír vara dzist dzjed
[dative] vensá
/ˈvɛnsaː/		 ransá
/ˈransaː/		 vânsá
/ˈvɤnsaː/		 vansá
/ˈvansaː/		 dzmensá
/ˈdzmɛnsaː/		 dzatunsá
/ˈdzatɤnsaː/		 sjánsá
/ˈʃaːnsaː/		 vjensá
/ˈvjɛnsaː/		 vainsá
/ˈvainsaː/		 dzinsá
/ˈdzinsaː/		 dzjensá
/ˈdʒɛnsaː/
case number interrogative-
existential		 demonstrative quantifier
ANIM INAN PROX DIST indefinite general indefinite collective
ANIM INAN ANIM INAN ANIM INAN
bjaș bjar kjes okjes baus bvar bjaș-á bjar-á vaus var
[dative] SG bjásá
/ˈbjaːsaː/		 binsá
/ˈbinsaː/		 kasá
/ˈkasaː/		 okasá
/ˈɔkasaː/		 básá
/ˈbaːsaː/		 bunsá
/ˈbɤnsaː/		 bjásá-vá
/ˈbjaːsaːvaː/		 binsá-vá
/ˈbinsaːvaː/		 vásá
/ˈvaːsaː/		 uvasá
/ˈuvasaː/
PL bjainsá
/ˈbjainsaː/		 bjensá
/ˈbjɛnsaː/		 tensá
/ˈtɛnsaː/		 otensá
/ɔˈtɛnsaː/		 baunsá
/ˈbaunsaː/		 bønsá
/ˈbœnsaː/		 bjainsá-vá
/ˈbjainsaːvaː/		 bjensá-vá
/ˈbjɛnsaːvaː/

Related terms

See also

Radestrian spatial prepositions
space position goal source transit
exterior lara
[genitive]
outside 		lara
[accusative]
outside 		allara
[genitive]
from outside 		ýra
[accusative]
past, by
interior
(bound space) 		la
[dative]
in, at 		la
[accusative]
into, to 		an
[genitive]
out, from 		ý
[accusative]
through
immersion tí
[instrumental]
between, amidst, in 		latí
[accusative]
between, into 		antí
[genitive]
from between, out
establishment sje
[dative]
at 		sá
[dative]
to 		tí
[accusative]
from
boundary ní
[instrumental]
by, at, beside 		ynan
[dative]
along
plane
(unbound space) 		er
[dative]
on, at 		er
[accusative]
onto, to 		ý
[accusative]
through
superior surface ha
[genitive]
off 		teșa
[genitive]
across, over
vertical/inferior
surface 		yn
[dative]
on 		yn
[accusative]
onto 		an
[genitive]
off 		ynan
[dative]
across, along
company vas
[instrumental]
with
absence ir
[accusative]
without
centre ralga
[genitive]
in the middle of 		lavas
[accusative]
into the middle of 		anvas
[genitive]
from the middle of 		ervas
[dative]
around
anterior svíma
[dative]
in front of, before, opposite 		svíma
[accusative]
towards, against 		ansvíma
[genitive]
from in front of
posterior ha
[dative]
behind, after 		ha
[accusative]
behind, after 		ana
[genitive]
from behind
superior fje
[dative]
above 		fje
[accusative]
above 		anfje
[genitive]
from above
inferior taon
[dative]
below 		taon
[accusative]
below 		andaon
[genitive]
from below
vicinity nvieru
[genitive]
near 		hjeral
[genitive]
around
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