Appendix:Radestrian pronunciation: Difference between revisions
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{{appendix|rad}} | |||
{| style="background:none" | {| style="background:none" | ||
|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
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! Examples | ! Examples | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" | < | | rowspan="3" colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">b</span> | ||
| rowspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">b</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">b</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>b</b>yeat</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>b</b>yeat</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">bˠ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>bv</b>ar</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>bv</b>ar</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">p</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>hevú<b>b</b></i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>hevú<b>b</b></i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan=" | | colspan="2" rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">d</span> | ||
| colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">d</span> | |||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>d</b>ars; <b>n</b>raos</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>d</b>ars; <b>n</b>raos</i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="2" | < | | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">t</span> | ||
| < | | style="text-align:left;" | <i>vai<b>d</b></i> | ||
| < | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">dv</span> | |||
| <span class="IPA">d</span> | |||
| <span class="IPA">dˠ</span> | |||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>dv</b>uoþs</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>dv</b>uoþs</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">dz</span> | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">dz</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>dz</b>ars</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>dz</b>ars</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ts</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>hjen<b>dzs</b></i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>hjen<b>dzs</b></i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="2" | < | | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">dzv</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">dz</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">dzˠ</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>dzv</b>uksa</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>dzv</b>uksa</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">dʒ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ɡj</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ɟ</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>dj</b>áș; te<b>dx</b>a</i> (CR, IR <i>te<b>ģ</b>a</i>) | | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>dj</b>áș; te<b>dx</b>a</i> (CR, IR <i>te<b>ģ</b>a</i>) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">dʒ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>dzj</b>ảt</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>dzj</b>ảt</i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan=" | | rowspan="2" colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ð</span> | ||
| colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ð</span> | |||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i>dvo<b>ð</b>ai</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i>dvo<b>ð</b>ai</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">θ</span> | ||
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | <i>u<b>ð</b></i> | | rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | <i>u<b>ð</b></i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="4" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="4" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">∅</span> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | < | | rowspan="2" colspan="3" | <span class="IPA">f</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">f</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>f</b>á; aruo<b>v</b>s</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>f</b>á; aruo<b>v</b>s</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">fˠ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>fv</b>ans | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>fv</b>ans</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ɡ</span> | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ɡ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>g</b>roviș</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>g</b>roviș</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">k</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>hje<b>g</b></i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>hje<b>g</b></i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan=" | | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ɡv</span> | ||
| colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ɡ</span> | |||
| colspan="2" | < | |||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>gv</b>ieș</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>gv</b>ieș</i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="4" | < | | colspan="4" | <span class="IPA">h</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>h</b>ai</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>h</b>ai</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" | < | | rowspan="3" colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">j</span> | ||
| rowspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">j</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">j</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>j</b>aut; bá<b>j</b>r</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>j</b>aut; bá<b>j</b>r; g<b>ĵ</b>áþs; s<b>ĵ</b>ákt</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ʎ</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>lj</b>ás; e<b>lj</b>emt; ci<b>ļ</b>erbt</i> (SR <i>cièrbt</i>) | | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>lj</b>ás; e<b>lj</b>emt; ci<b>ļ</b>erbt</i> (IR, cf. SR <i>cièrbt</i>) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ɡj</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ɟ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>gj</b>oriș</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>gj</b>oriș</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">k</span> | ||
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">k</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>k</b>øat; valz<b>g</b>t</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>k</b>øat; valz<b>g</b>t</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">kf</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>kv</b>ars</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>kv</b>ars</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">l</span> | ||
| rowspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">l</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">l</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>l</b>ája</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>l</b>ája</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">lv</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ɫ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>lv</b>oat</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>lv</b>oat</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">m</span> | ||
| rowspan="3" | < | | rowspan="3" | <span class="IPA">m</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">m</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>m</b>ás</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>m</b>ás</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">mˠ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>mv</b>aþers</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>mv</b>aþers</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">mv</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>re<b>mv</b>aiș</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>re<b>mv</b>aiș</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">n</span> | ||
| rowspan=" | | rowspan="4" | <span class="IPA">n</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">n</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>n</b>ýrims</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>n</b>ýrims</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">nˠ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>nv</b>asta</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>nv</b>asta</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">nv</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>a<b>nv</b>as</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>a<b>nv</b>as</i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan=" | | colspan="2" rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ɲ</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>nj</b> | | rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ɲ</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i>dao<b>nj</b>va</i> | |||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |||
| <span class="IPA">ɲ</span> | |||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>nj</b>øs</i> | |||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="4" | < | | colspan="4" | <span class="IPA">ŋ</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i>dzi<b>ņ</b>s; re<b>n</b>gedzs</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i>dzi<b>ņ</b>s; re<b>n</b>gedzs</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">p</span> | ||
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">p</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">p</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>p</b>oliș; ra<b>b</b>s; ie<b>b</b>t</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>p</b>oliș; ra<b>b</b>s; ie<b>b</b>t</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; background-color:#9b9b9b;" | | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; background-color:#9b9b9b;" | | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle" | <span class="IPA">pˠ</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>pv</b> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i>spra<b>pv</b>as; s<b>pv</b>ocía</i> (SR <i>sprafvas; sfvocía</i>) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">r</span> | ||
| rowspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">r</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">r</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>r</b>aș</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>r</b>aș</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">rv</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">rˠ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>rv</b>aus</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>rv</b>aus</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">s</span> | ||
| rowspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">s</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">s</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>s</b>fvocía; à<b>s</b></i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>s</b>fvocía; à<b>s</b></i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">sv</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">sˠ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>sv</b>uiș</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>sv</b>uiș</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ʃ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ç</span> | ||
| rowspan="3" | < | | rowspan="3" | <span class="IPA">ʃ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ç</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>hj</b>ádvanþs</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>hj</b>ádvanþs</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ʃ</span> | ||
| | | <span class="IPA">ʃ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>sj</b>aus; k<b>ș</b>aovs</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>sj</b>aus; k<b>ș</b>aovs</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ʃv</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ʂ</span> | |||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>șv</b>omai</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>șv</b>omai</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">t</span> | ||
| rowspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">t</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">t</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>t</b>ojes; asa<b>d</b>ta</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>t</b>ojes; asa<b>d</b>ta</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">tf</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">tˠ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>tv</b>ír</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>tv</b>ír</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ts</span> | ||
| rowspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ts</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ts</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>c</b>ynus; bry<b>cs</b>; arø<b>ts</b>; sle<b>ts</b>a</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>c</b>ynus; bry<b>cs</b>; arø<b>ts</b>; sle<b>ts</b>a</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">tsv</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">tsˠ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>o<b>cv</b>air·</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>o<b>cv</b>air·</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">tʃ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">kj</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">c</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>kj</b>ezvusk; <b>tj</b>eștres; va<b>ķ</b></i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>kj</b>ezvusk; <b>tj</b>eștres; va<b>ķ</b></i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2" | | rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">tʃ</span> | ||
| <span class="IPA">tʃ</span> | |||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>heņre<b>cj</b>es</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>heņre<b>cj</b>es</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">tʃv</span> | ||
| <span class="IPA">tʂ</span> | |||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>ljá<b>ķv</b>air</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>ljá<b>ķv</b>air</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" | < | | rowspan="3" colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">v</span> | ||
| rowspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">v</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">v</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>v</b>aors; ú<b>f</b>jorks; re<b>f</b>jorks</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>v</b>aors; ú<b>f</b>jorks; re<b>f</b>jorks</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">vˠ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>Sjâ<b>v</b>a; <b>v</b>ar</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>Sjâ<b>v</b>a; <b>v</b>ar</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">f</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>í<b>v</b></i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>í<b>v</b></i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">xj ~ ç</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">j</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ɬ</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>hĵ</b>áþs</i> (IR <i><b>hļ</b>áþs</i>) | | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>hĵ</b>áþs</i> (IR <i><b>hļ</b>áþs</i>) | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="2" | < | | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">xl</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">l</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">l̥</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>hl</b>orans</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>hl</b>orans</i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="2" | < | | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">xm</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">m</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">m̥</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>hm</b>anþs</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>hm</b>anþs</i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="2" | < | | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">xn</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">n</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">n̥</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>hn</b>ír</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>hn</b>ír</i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="2" | < | | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">xŋ</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">ŋ</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">ŋ̊</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>hņ</b>ía; ase<b>hņ</b>ieș</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>hņ</b>ía; ase<b>hņ</b>ieș</i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="2" | < | | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">xr</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">r</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">r̥</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>hr</b>aza</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>hr</b>aza</i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="2" | < | | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">xv</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">v</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">f</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>hv</b>aus</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>hv</b>aus</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">z</span> | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">z</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>z</b> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>z</b>ras; ta<b>s</b>g</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">s</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>drjá<b>zs</b>; </i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>drjá<b>zs</b>; </i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="2" | < | | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">zv</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">z</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">zˠ</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i>kje<b>zv</b>usk</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i>kje<b>zv</b>usk</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ʒ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ʝ</span> | ||
| rowspan="3" | < | | rowspan="3" | <span class="IPA">ʒ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ʝ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>j</b>vars</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>j</b>vars</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ʒ</span> | ||
| | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ʒ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>o<b>zj</b>es; | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>o<b>zj</b>es; ha<b>x</b>ga</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ʒv</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i> | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ʐ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | — | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="5" | Marginal consonants | |||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |||
| colspan="4" | <span class="IPA">w</span> | |||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i>al<b>u</b>a; <b>u</b>e; <b>W</b>oriks</i> | |||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="5" | Non-native consonants | ! colspan="5" | Non-native consonants | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="4" | < | | colspan="4" | <span class="IPA">ɣ<br>(x~h~∅)</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>h</b>erands, sjorķa<b>h</b>a</i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan=" | | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">x</span> | ||
| colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">Ø</span> | |||
| colspan="2" | < | |||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i>-<b>hC</b>-</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i>-<b>hC</b>-</i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="4" | < | | colspan="4" | <span class="IPA">ʔ, q<br>(k)</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i>Irá<b>q</b>s</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i>Irá<b>q</b>s</i> | ||
|} | |} | ||
Line 310: | Line 312: | ||
! colspan="5" | Monophthongs | ! colspan="5" | Monophthongs | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="2" | < | | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">a</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">ɑ</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">ɐ</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i>hr<b>a</b>s</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i>hr<b>a</b>s</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">aː</span> | ||
| rowspan="3" | < | | rowspan="3" | <span class="IPA">aː</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">a</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>t<b>á</b>t</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>t<b>á</b>t</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">aːː</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">aː</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>vj<b>ả</b>t</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>vj<b>ả</b>t</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">æː</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ɛː</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>d<b>ea</b>t</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>d<b>ea</b>t</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="4" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="4" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ɤ</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i>dz<b>u</b>n; p<b>â</b>se; lv<b>û</b>șevú; vl<b>u</b>nza</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i>dz<b>u</b>n; p<b>â</b>se; lv<b>û</b>șevú; vl<b>u</b>nza</i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="4" | < | | colspan="4" | <span class="IPA">ɛ</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>e</b>lt</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>e</b>lt</i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="3" | < | | colspan="3" | <span class="IPA">i</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">ɪ</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>i</b>rgár; <b>y</b>rjelt</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>i</b>rgár; <b>y</b>rjelt</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">iː</span> | ||
| rowspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">iː</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">i</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>n<b>í</b>va; hl<b>ý</b>gans</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>n<b>í</b>va; hl<b>ý</b>gans</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">iːː</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">iː</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>v<b>ỉ</b>ș; | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>v<b>ỉ</b>ș; R<b>ỷ</b>r</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="4" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="4" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ɔ</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>o</b>raș; <b>o</b>stárs; h<b>o</b>rt</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>o</b>raș; <b>o</b>stárs; h<b>o</b>rt</i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="2" | < | | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ɔː</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">ɑː</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">ɔː</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i>v<b>ao</b>rs</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i>v<b>ao</b>rs</i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="4" | < | | colspan="4" | <span class="IPA">œ</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i>gjedr<b>ø</b>s</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i>gjedr<b>ø</b>s</i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="3" | < | | colspan="3" | <span class="IPA">u</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">ʊ</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i>fj<b>u</b>cei</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i>fj<b>u</b>cei</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">uː</span> | ||
| rowspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">uː</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">u</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>ar<b>ú</b>val</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>ar<b>ú</b>val</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">uːː</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">uː</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>sjet<b>ủ</b></i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>sjet<b>ủ</b></i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="5" | Diphthongs | ! colspan="5" | Diphthongs | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" | < | | rowspan="3" colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ai</span> | ||
| rowspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ɛː</span> | ||
| rowspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">eː</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>f<b>ai</b>ș; hred<b>ai</b></i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>f<b>ai</b>ș; hred<b>ai</b></i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>vj<b>ei</b>ș</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>vj<b>ei</b>ș</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ɑi</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">øy</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>r<b>øi</b></i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>r<b>øi</b></i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="2" | < | | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">au</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">ɔː</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">oː</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i>sj<b>au</b>s</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i>sj<b>au</b>s</i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="2" | < | | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ɤi</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">ɤː</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">ɤi</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i>mv<b>ui</b>ș; c<b>âi</b>ș</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i>mv<b>ui</b>ș; c<b>âi</b>ș</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" | < | | rowspan="3" colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ei</span> | ||
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">eː</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>tv<b>iej</b></i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>tv<b>iej</b></i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>var<b>ei</b></i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>var<b>ei</b></i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ɑi</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">øy</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>har<b>øi</b></i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>har<b>øi</b></i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="2" | < | | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ia</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">iɑ</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">iɐ</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>iea</b>s; dz<b>yea</b>t</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>iea</b>s; dz<b>yea</b>t</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ie</span> | ||
| rowspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ie</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">iɤ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>gl<b>ie</b>rms; hl<b>ye</b>vs</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>gl<b>ie</b>rms; hl<b>ye</b>vs</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">iːe</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ie</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>dz<b>ỉe</b>s</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>dz<b>ỉe</b>s; R<b>ỷe</b>șa</i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="2" | < | | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ɔa</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">wa</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">ɔː</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i>r<b>oa</b>t</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i>r<b>oa</b>t</i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="4" | < | | colspan="4" | <span class="IPA">ɔi</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i>lņ<b>uoj</b>rs; hj<b>aoi</b></i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i>lņ<b>uoj</b>rs; hj<b>aoi</b></i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="2" | < | | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">œa</span> | ||
| colspan="2" | < | | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">œː</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i>k<b>øa</b>t</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i>k<b>øa</b>t</i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="2" | < | | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">øi</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">øː</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">øy</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i>l<b>yej</b>r</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i>l<b>yej</b>r</i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="2" | < | | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ua</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">uɑ</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">uɐ</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i>k<b>uoa</b>t</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i>k<b>uoa</b>t</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">uo</span> | ||
| | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">wɔ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | (+ˠ) <span class="IPA">ɔ</span> | |||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>d<b>uo</b>t</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>d<b>uo</b>t</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2" | < | | rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">uo</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">uɤ</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>gv<b>uo</b>ș</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>gv<b>uo</b>ș</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">uːo</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">uo</span> | ||
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>kr<b>ủo</b>s</i> | | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>kr<b>ủo</b>s</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="5" | Non-native vowels | ! colspan="5" | Non-native vowels | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="2" | < | | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">eː<br>(ie)</span> | ||
| colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">eː</span> | |||
| colspan="2" | < | |||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i>-<b>é</b>-</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i>-<b>é</b>-</i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="4" | < | | colspan="4" | <span class="IPA">oː<br>(uo)</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i>b<b>ó</b>rjesta</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i>b<b>ó</b>rjesta</i> | ||
|- style="vertical-align:middle;" | |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | ||
| colspan="3" | < | | colspan="3" | <span class="IPA">y<br>(i)</span> | ||
| < | | <span class="IPA">ʏ<br>(ɪ)</span> | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | <i>k<b>ỳ</b>rjesta</i> | | style="text-align:left;" | <i>k<b>ỳ</b>rjesta</i> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="5" | Stress | ! colspan="5" | Stress | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="4" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="4" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ˈ</span> | ||
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | <i>sjavair·ljere<br></i>[<b>ˌ</b> | | rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | <i>sjavair·ljere<br></i>[<b>ˌ</b>ʃavai<b>ˈ</b>rjɛrɛ] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="4" style="vertical-align:middle;" | < | | colspan="4" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ˌ</span> | ||
|} | |} | ||
|} | |} |
Latest revision as of 10:26, 7 October 2024
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