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# {{label|rad|tr}} to {{eng|cost}}, to {{eng|take}} {{+|rad v|ins}} | # {{label|rad|tr}} to {{eng|cost}}, to {{eng|take}} {{+|rad v|ins}} | ||
#: {{ex|rad|Sjavúr asties *vastralș*.|It *costs* ten {{w|astir}}.}} | #: {{ex|rad|Sjavúr asties *vastralș*.|It *costs* ten {{w|astir}}.}} | ||
#: {{ex|rad| | #: {{ex|rad|Kjezlișe hremievúr ar hojenúr *vastralș*.|This sort of thing *takes* time and energy.}} | ||
# {{label|rad|intr}} to {{eng|cost}}, to {{eng|require}} {{eng|money}} | # {{label|rad|intr}} to {{eng|cost}}, to {{eng|require}} {{eng|money}} | ||
#: {{ex|rad|A lyejr *vastralș*.|It *costs* to live.}} | #: {{ex|rad|A lyejr *vastralș*.|It *costs* to live.}} | ||
# {{label|rad|intr}} to {{eng|require}} {{eng|effort}} or {{eng|resources}}, to be {{eng|tax|taxing}}, to be {{eng|difficult}} {{+|dat<for someone><qq:optional>}} | # {{label|rad|intr}} to {{eng|require}} {{eng|effort}} or {{eng|resources}}, to be {{eng|tax|taxing}}, to be {{eng|difficult}} {{+|dat<for someone><qq:optional>}} | ||
#: {{ex|rad|Vevan a | #: {{ex|rad|Vevan a dvaruvaș rỷeșeí ý orașa dvuost eta *vastralș*.|For me, it*'s* quite *hard* to speak in Riyan all day.}} | ||
==== Conjugation ==== | ==== Conjugation ==== | ||
Latest revision as of 17:15, 19 December 2024
Radestrian
Etymology
From Middle Radestrian vatralt, vastralt, from Old Radestrian watraltt, inherited from Proto-Radic *watrwalht, from *wat (“with”) + *rwalht (“stand”), equivalent to vas- + rvalt.
Pronunciation
Verb
vastralt (first-person singular non-past vastralge, first-person singular past vastralei, present adverbial participle vastralivú, past adverbial participle vastravúl, verbal noun vastravaș)
- (transitive) to cost, to take [with instrumental]
- Sjavúr asties vastralș.
- It costs ten astir.
- Kjezlișe hremievúr ar hojenúr vastralș.
- This sort of thing takes time and energy.
- (intransitive) to cost, to require money
- A lyejr vastralș.
- It costs to live.
- (intransitive) to require effort or resources, to be taxing, to be difficult [with dative ‘for someone’ (optional)]
- Vevan a dvaruvaș rỷeșeí ý orașa dvuost eta vastralș.
- For me, it's quite hard to speak in Riyan all day.
Conjugation
| Conjugation of vastralt (active voice) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| nonfinite forms | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | vastralt /ˈvastralt/ |
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| connegative | vastralta /vasˈtralta/ |
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| supine | vastraltúr /vasˈtraltuːr/ |
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| participle | present | adjectival | vastraliș /ˈvastraliʃ/ |
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| adverbial | vastralivú /vasˈtralivuː/ |
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| past | adjectival | vastravúș /ˈvastravuːʃ/ |
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| adverbial | vastravúl /ˈvastravuːl/ |
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| verbal noun | vastravaș /ˈvastravaʃ/ |
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| finite forms | singular | plural | humble | ||||||||||
| first | second | third | depersonal | first | second | third | depersonal | second | |||||
| informal | formal | inclusive | exclusive | ||||||||||
| ú | re | lește | vâs, vara | gjei, gjen, gjeș … | dzun, sted | dzate | sjáște | vír, vara | gjes, gjete, gje, gjen … | sja, lai | |||
| simple | imperative | vastralga /vasˈtralɡa/ |
vastralgúș /vasˈtralɡuːʃ/ |
vastralguoș /vasˈtralɡuoʃ/ |
vastralgovú /vasˈtralɡɔvuː/ |
vastralgúr /vasˈtralɡuːr/ |
|||||||
| indicative | non-past | vastralge /vasˈtralɡɛ/ |
vastralș /ˈvastralʃ/ |
vastralg /ˈvastralɡ/ |
vastralguos /vasˈtralɡuos/ |
vastralguote /vasˈtralɡuotɛ/ |
vastralgú /vasˈtralɡuː/ |
vastralgún /vasˈtralɡuːn/ |
|||||
| past | vastralei /ˈvastralei/ |
vastralen /ˈvastralɛn/ |
vastraleș /ˈvastralɛʃ/ |
vastrale /ˈvastralɛ/ |
vastraluos /ˈvastraluos/ |
vastraluote /ˈvastraluotɛ/ |
vastralú /ˈvastraluː/ |
vastralún /ˈvastraluːn/ |
|||||
| subjunctive | non-past | vastralgai /vasˈtralɡai/ |
vastralgá /vasˈtralɡaː/ |
vastralgaș /vasˈtralɡaʃ/ |
vastralga /vasˈtralɡa/ |
vastralgavuos /vasˈtralɡavuos/ |
vastralgavuote /vasˈtralɡavuotɛ/ |
vastralgavú /vasˈtralɡavuː/ |
vastralgavún /vasˈtralɡavuːn/ |
||||
| past | vastralai /ˈvastralai/ |
vastralain /ˈvastralain/ |
vastralaiș /ˈvastralaiʃ/ |
vastralai /ˈvastralai/ |
vastralavuos /vasˈtralavuos/ |
vastralavuote /vasˈtralavuotɛ/ |
vastralavú /vasˈtralavuː/ |
vastralavún /vasˈtralavuːn/ |
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| optative | non-past | vastralgúe /vasˈtralɡuːɛ/ |
vastralgova /vasˈtralɡɔva/ |
vastralgúș /vasˈtralɡuːʃ/ |
vastralgú /vasˈtralɡuː/ |
vastralgovuos /vasˈtralɡɔvuos/ |
vastralgovuote /vasˈtralɡɔvuotɛ/ |
vastralgovú /vasˈtralɡɔvuː/ |
vastralgovún /vasˈtralɡɔvuːn/ |
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| past | vastralevei /vasˈtralɛvei/ |
vastraleven /vasˈtralɛvɛn/ |
vastraleveș /vasˈtralɛvɛʃ/ |
vastraleve /vasˈtralɛvɛ/ |
vastralevuos /vasˈtralɛvuos/ |
vastralevuote /vasˈtralɛvuotɛ/ |
vastralevú /vasˈtralɛvuː/ |
vastralevún /vasˈtralɛvuːn/ |
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| habitual | indicative | non-past | vastralgriè /vasˈtralɡri.ɛ/ |
vastralgrin /vasˈtralɡrin/ |
vastralgriș /vasˈtralɡriʃ/ |
vastralgri /vasˈtralɡri/ |
vastralgúris /vasˈtralɡuːris/ |
vastralgúrite /vasˈtralɡuːritɛ/ |
vastralgúri /vasˈtralɡuːri/ |
vastralgúrin /vasˈtralɡuːrin/ |
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| past | vastraleriè /vasˈtralɛri.ɛ/ |
vastralerin /vasˈtralɛrin/ |
vastraleriș /vasˈtralɛriʃ/ |
vastraleri /vasˈtralɛri/ |
vastralúris /ˈvastraluːris/ |
vastralúrite /ˈvastraluːritɛ/ |
vastralúri /ˈvastraluːri/ |
vastralúrin /ˈvastraluːrin/ |
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| subjunctive | non-past | vastralgariè /vasˈtralɡari.ɛ/ |
vastralgarin /vasˈtralɡarin/ |
vastralgariș /vasˈtralɡariʃ/ |
vastralgari /vasˈtralɡari/ |
vastralgavúris /vasˈtralɡavuːris/ |
vastralgavúrite /vasˈtralɡavuːritɛ/ |
vastralgavúri /vasˈtralɡavuːri/ |
vastralgavúrin /vasˈtralɡavuːrin/ |
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| past | vastralairiè /ˈvastralairi.ɛ/ |
vastralairin /ˈvastralairin/ |
vastralairiș /ˈvastralairiʃ/ |
vastralairi /ˈvastralairi/ |
vastralavúris /vasˈtralavuːris/ |
vastralavúrite /vasˈtralavuːritɛ/ |
vastralavúri /vasˈtralavuːri/ |
vastralavúrin /vasˈtralavuːrin/ |
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| optative | non-past | vastralgúriè /vasˈtralɡuːri.ɛ/ |
vastralgúrin /vasˈtralɡuːrin/ |
vastralgúriș /vasˈtralɡuːriʃ/ |
vastralgúri /vasˈtralɡuːri/ |
vastralgovúris /vasˈtralɡɔvuːris/ |
vastralgovúrite /vasˈtralɡɔvuːritɛ/ |
vastralgovúri /vasˈtralɡɔvuːri/ |
vastralgovúrin /vasˈtralɡɔvuːrin/ |
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| past | vastraleveriè /vasˈtralɛvɛri.ɛ/ |
vastraleverin /vasˈtralɛvɛrin/ |
vastraleveriș /vasˈtralɛvɛriʃ/ |
vastraleveri /vasˈtralɛvɛri/ |
vastralevúris /vasˈtralɛvuːris/ |
vastralevúrite /vasˈtralɛvuːritɛ/ |
vastralevúri /vasˈtralɛvuːri/ |
vastralevúrin /vasˈtralɛvuːrin/ |
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Derived terms
- vastraus (“cost”)
Categories:
- Radestrian terms inherited from Middle Radestrian
- Radestrian terms inherited from Old Radestrian
- Radestrian terms inherited from Proto-Radic
- Radestrian terms derived from the Proto-Laenkean root *wotʼ-
- Radestrian terms derived from the Proto-Laenkean root *swal-
- Radestrian terms prefixed with vas-
- Radestrian lemmas
- Radestrian verbs
- Radestrian transitive verbs
- Radestrian verbs governing the instrumental
- Radestrian terms with usage examples
- Radestrian intransitive verbs
- Terms needing Laefevian translations
- Terms needing Riyan translations