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{{also|-anș}}
== Radestrian ==
== Radestrian ==


=== {{Etymology|rad}} ===
=== Etymology ===
From {{inherit|rad|rad-m|-ans}},
From {{inherit|rad|rad-m|-ans}},
from {{inherit|rad|rad-o|-ænss}},
from {{inherit|rad|rad-o|-ænss}},
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from {{inherit|rad|hrd-pro|-ǽnṯəs}},
from {{inherit|rad|hrd-pro|-ǽnṯəs}},
from {{inherit|rad|lnk-pro|-ǽntæs}}.
from {{inherit|rad|lnk-pro|-ǽntæs}}.
Cognate with {{m+|ryn|-âs}} and {{m+|lfv|-ent}}.
{{cog|rad
|ryn=-âs
|lfv=-ent
}}.


=== Pronunciation ===
=== Pronunciation ===
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|adj_n=-enjeș
|adj_n=-enjeș
|label={{suff|rad|n|lb=1}}, count and uncount}}
|label={{suff|rad|n|lb=1}}, count and uncount}}
# ''forms collective nouns''
# ''forms collectives''
#: {{m|rad|hnír|t=soldier}} → {{m|rad|hneans|hne'''ans'''|t=army}}
## ''creates countable collective nouns''
#: {{m|rad|hņai|t=child}} → {{m|rad|hņojans|hņoj'''ans'''|t=children}}
##: {{m|rad|hnír|t=soldier}} → {{m|rad|hneans|hne'''ans'''|t=army}}
#: {{m|rad|strás|t=flower}} → {{m|rad|strágans|strág'''ans'''|t=flowers, bouquet}}
##: {{m|rad|hņai|t=child}} → {{m|rad|hņojans|hņoj'''ans'''|t=children}}
##:: {{ex|rad|Sterșa *hņojans* kámivú vaș.|Our *children* (that we have together) are playing.}}
##:: {{ex|rad|Sterșa *hņojange* kámivú vagú.|Our *children* (your children + my children) are playing.}}
##: {{m|rad|strás|t=flower}} → {{m|rad|strágans|strág'''ans'''|t=flowers, bouquet}}
## {{lb|rad|taxonomy}} ''forms {{eng|taxonomic name}}s''
##: {{m|rad|lyejðus|t=hominin}} → {{m|rad|Lyejðvans|a Lyejðv'''ans'''|t=Hominini}}
# {{label|rad|uncount|deadjectival}} ''creates state nouns'', {{eng|-ness}}, {{eng|-ty}}
# {{label|rad|uncount|deadjectival}} ''creates state nouns'', {{eng|-ness}}, {{eng|-ty}}
#: {{m|rad|rúívíș|t=diploid}} → {{m|rad|rúívíșans|rúívíș'''ans'''|t=diploid'''y'''}}
#: {{m|rad|rúívíș|t=diploid}} → {{m|rad|rúívíșans|rúívíș'''ans'''|t=diploid'''y'''}}
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* The resulting noun is always inanimate, regardless of the animacy of the base noun.
* The resulting noun is always inanimate, regardless of the animacy of the base noun.
* This suffix causes {{w|Radestrian phonology|palatalisation}} of velar stems.
* This suffix causes {{w|Radestrian phonology|palatalisation}} of velar stems.
* When added to the suffix {{m|rad|-ai}}, the resulting ending is ''-oj'''ans'''''.
* When added to:
** ''e-'' or ''i-''stems, the resulting ending is ''-j'''ans'''''.
** ''o-'' or ''u-''stems, the resulting ending is ''-v'''ans'''''.
** the suffix {{m|rad|-ai}}, the resulting ending is ''-oj'''ans''''' < {{m+|rad-pro|nolink=1|-awjænhs}}.


==== Declension ====
==== Declension ====

Revision as of 17:58, 7 April 2025

See also: -anș

Radestrian

Etymology

From Middle Radestrian -ans, from Old Radestrian -ænss, inherited from Proto-Radic *-ænhs, from Proto-Hirdic *-ǽnṯəs, from Proto-Laenkean *-ǽntæs. Cognate with Riyan -âs and Laefevian -ent.

Pronunciation

Suffix

-ans inan (nominal, countable and uncountable, genitive singular -eng, nominative plural -ange, constructive genitive plural -anjes, compound form -an-, -ang-, relational adjective -enjeș)

  1. forms collectives
    1. creates countable collective nouns
      hnír (“soldier”) → hneans (“army”)
      hņai (“child”) → hņojans (“children”)
      Sterșa hņojans kámivú vaș.
      Our children (that we have together) are playing.
      Sterșa hņojange kámivú vagú.
      Our children (your children + my children) are playing.
      strás (“flower”) → strágans (“flowers, bouquet”)
    2. (taxonomy) forms taxonomic names
      lyejðus (“hominin”) → a Lyejðvans (“Hominini”)
  2. (uncountable, deadjectival) creates state nouns, -ness, -ty
    rúívíș (“diploid”) → rúívíșans (“diploidy”)
    úledyș (“unsafe”) → úledyșans (“hazard”)
    vanciș (“ill”) → vancișans (“illness”)

Usage notes

  • The resulting noun is always inanimate, regardless of the animacy of the base noun.
  • This suffix causes palatalisation of velar stems.
  • When added to:
    • e- or i-stems, the resulting ending is -jans.
    • o- or u-stems, the resulting ending is -vans.
    • the suffix -ai, the resulting ending is -ojans < Proto-Radic *-awjænhs.

Declension

Declension of -ans (spirant)  
singular plural
nominative -ans
/-ans/		 -ange
/-aŋɡɛ/
vocative -anse
/-ansɛ/
genitive proper -eng
/-ɛŋɡ/		 -anjeris
/-aɲɛris/
constructive -anjes
/-aɲɛs/
dative -anga
/-aŋɡa/		 -anjerín
/-aɲɛriːn/
accusative -and
/-and/		 -anjerid
/-aɲɛrid/
instrumental -angúr
/-aŋɡuːr/		 -anjeríe
/-aɲɛriːɛ/

Derived terms

▶ Radestrian terms suffixed with -ans

Translations

collective derivation
-ness
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