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{{root|lfv|lnk-pro|bʱat-}} | {{root|lfv|lnk-pro|bʱat-}} | ||
{{root|lfv|lfv|vat-}} | {{root|lfv|lfv|vat-}} | ||
From {{inherit|lfv|lfv-pro| | From {{inherit|lfv|lfv-pro|bʱatəh}}, from {{inherit|lfv|lnk-pro|bʱat-|bʱatas|t=eye}}. | ||
=== Pronunciation === | === Pronunciation === | ||
| Line 65: | Line 65: | ||
inherited | inherited | ||
from {{inherit|rad|rad-pro|hılht}}, | from {{inherit|rad|rad-pro|hılht}}, | ||
from {{inherit|rad|hrd-pro|p̄ɯl-}} | from {{inherit|rad|hrd-pro|p̄ɯl-}}, | ||
from {{inherit|rad|lnk-pro|pɯl-}} | from {{inherit|rad|lnk-pro|pɯl-}}. | ||
{{root|rad|lnk-pro|pɯl-|(s)natʼ-}} | {{root|rad|lnk-pro|pɯl-|(s)natʼ-}} | ||
Suppleted forms from {{inherit|rad|rad-o|rnatht}}, from {{inherit|rad|hrd-pro|snat-}}, from {{inherit|rad|lnk-pro|(s)natʼ-}}. | Suppleted forms from {{inherit|rad|rad-o|rnatht}}, from {{inherit|rad|hrd-pro|snat-}}, from {{inherit|rad|lnk-pro|(s)natʼ-}}. | ||
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* {{IPA|rad|/{{rad-IPA|vat}}/}} | * {{IPA|rad|/{{rad-IPA|vat}}/}} | ||
** As a predicating verb, it is a phonological enclitic when directly following the predicate, regardless of spelling. This means that ''vancí vagú'' (“they are ill”), although primarily stressed as two separate words, constitutes one phonological word, i.e. {{rad-IPA|vancí-vagú|format|nolarge}}, not *{{rad-IPA|vancí vagú|format|nolarge}} or *{{rad-IPA|vancívagú|format|nolarge}}). | ** As a predicating verb, it is a phonological enclitic when directly following the predicate, regardless of spelling. This means that ''vancí vagú'' (“they are ill”), although primarily stressed as two separate words, constitutes one phonological word, i.e. {{rad-IPA|vancí-vagú|format|nolarge}}, not *{{rad-IPA|vancí vagú|format|nolarge}} or *{{rad-IPA|vancívagú|format|nolarge}}). | ||
*** This means that its forms as an enclitic can acquire secondary stress on the ult (or penult if long) for most speakers, i.e. {{tipa|[ˈvantsiːvaˌɡuː]}}, which also contributes to modern Radestrian poetics. Compare {{m|rad|vagú}} when it is not an enclitic, which is stressed as {{rad-IPA|vagú|format|nolarge}}. It is worth noting, however, that the rules for secondary stress placement are more complex. | *** This means that its forms as an enclitic can acquire light phonetic secondary stress on the ult (or penult if long) for most speakers, i.e. {{tipa|[ˈvantsiːvaˌɡuː]}}, which also contributes to modern Radestrian poetics. Compare {{m|rad|vagú}} when it is not an enclitic, which is stressed as {{rad-IPA|vagú|format|nolarge}}. It is worth noting, however, that the rules for phonetic secondary stress placement are more complex. | ||
* {{rhymes|rad|-at}} | * {{rhymes|rad|-at}} | ||
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** For negations of {{m|rad|vat}} in all senses, the verb {{m|rad|hjeat}} is used. | ** For negations of {{m|rad|vat}} in all senses, the verb {{m|rad|hjeat}} is used. | ||
* Indicative non-past depersonal forms are only used emphatically. Otherwise, they are elided. | * Indicative non-past depersonal forms are only used emphatically. Otherwise, they are elided. | ||
** The singular depersonal form also does not exist: {{m|rad|gje}} is used in emphatic contexts. | |||
* The verbal noun {{m|rad|hovaș}} tends to refer to identities, whereas {{m|rad|rnataș}} refers to states. | * The verbal noun {{m|rad|hovaș}} tends to refer to identities, whereas {{m|rad|rnataș}} refers to states. | ||
* Past forms in ''hâl-'' are the most common. | * Past forms in ''hâl-'' are the most common. | ||
| Line 116: | Line 117: | ||
==== Conjugation ==== | ==== Conjugation ==== | ||
{{rad-conj|vat|vag|hâl|rnasti|rnat|vnoun=hovaș|3s=vaș|r=var|t=intr|altvnoun=rnataș|altpst=rnos|altapst=rnosa}} | {{rad-conj|vat|vag|hâl*|rnasti*|rnat*|vnoun=hovaș*|3s=vaș|r=var|t=intr|altvnoun=rnataș*|altpst=rnos*|altapst=rnosa*|depers=gje*}} | ||
==== Translations ==== | ==== Translations ==== | ||
Latest revision as of 02:36, 24 February 2025
Laefevian
Etymology
From Proto-Laefevic *bʱatəh, from Proto-Laenkean *bʱatas (“eye”).
Pronunciation
Noun
vat (nominative dual vatund, nominative plural vatir, veður)
- (anatomy) eye
- Jans vat vi šuñǧas.
- My left eye hurts.
- Leskuljet ennos êþes veði.
- Leskuljet has blue eyes.
- (botany) sprout on a potato
- Kêð êrkykši ennos lue vatas.
- This potato has five sprouts.
Usage notes
- There are two possible plural forms: vatir and veður. The form veður is used when referring to the organ collectively, and the form vatir is used for other meanings, including artificial eyes.
- The dual form is used when referring specifically to both eyes when talking about the organ.
Declension
| ExpandPrimary case declension of vat (see Laefevian declension) |
|---|
| ExpandSecondary case declension of vat (see Laefevian declension) |
|---|
| ExpandPossessive forms of vat |
|---|
| ExpandPossessive forms of veður |
|---|
Derived terms
- -vatis (“-eyed”)
- ervatêljir (“glasses”)
- ljôsunvaturvad (“to stay out of sight”)
- lônvatessa (“cuspid”)
- lônvatêlj (“cuspid”)
- vatat (“obvious”)
Related terms
Translations
Showeye (organ)
Radestrian
Alternative forms
- -at (enclitic form)
Etymology
From Middle Radestrian hvatt, from Old Radestrian hlatt, inherited from Proto-Radic *hılht, from Proto-Hirdic *p̄ɯl-, from Proto-Laenkean *pɯl-. Suppleted forms from Old Radestrian rnatht, from Proto-Hirdic *snat-, from Proto-Laenkean *(s)natʼ-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /vat/
- As a predicating verb, it is a phonological enclitic when directly following the predicate, regardless of spelling. This means that vancí vagú (“they are ill”), although primarily stressed as two separate words, constitutes one phonological word, i.e. /ˈvantsiːvaɡuː/, not */ˈvantsiː ˈvaɡuː/ or */vanˈtsiːvaɡuː/).
- This means that its forms as an enclitic can acquire light phonetic secondary stress on the ult (or penult if long) for most speakers, i.e. [ˈvantsiːvaˌɡuː], which also contributes to modern Radestrian poetics. Compare vagú when it is not an enclitic, which is stressed as /ˈvaɡuː/. It is worth noting, however, that the rules for phonetic secondary stress placement are more complex.
- As a predicating verb, it is a phonological enclitic when directly following the predicate, regardless of spelling. This means that vancí vagú (“they are ill”), although primarily stressed as two separate words, constitutes one phonological word, i.e. /ˈvantsiːvaɡuː/, not */ˈvantsiː ˈvaɡuː/ or */vanˈtsiːvaɡuː/).
- Rhyme: -at (2)
Verb
vat (first-person singular non-past vage, third-person singular non-past vaș, first-person singular past hâlei, rnosei, present adverbial participle rnastivú, past adverbial participle rnatúl, verbal noun hovaș, rnataș)
- (copulative) to be [equivalence with nominative]
- Antonym: hjeat
- Vâs voí asmeșír-aș!
- He’s just a boy!
- (copulative) characteristic predication [with adjective]
- Ú þyriș-age.
- I am German.
- (copulative) stative predication [with adverb]
- Ú ỉ vage.
- I am hot. / I feel hot.
- (intransitive)
- to exist, there to be
- Þrane vagú la virșa dziun!
- There are animals in my house!
- to have [with nominative (the possessed) and dative (possessor)]
- Ven dzínis-aș.
- I have a daughter. (lit. To me there is a daughter.)
- to exist, there to be
- (intransitive, stative)
- (auxiliary) forms the continuous aspect, to be [with present adverbial participle]
- (auxiliary) forms the perfective aspect, to have [with past adverbial participle]
Usage notes
- When introducing a predicate ending in a consonant, the form -at can be used.
- The verb vat does not have a connegative form.
- For negations of vat in all senses, the verb hjeat is used.
- Indicative non-past depersonal forms are only used emphatically. Otherwise, they are elided.
- The singular depersonal form also does not exist: gje is used in emphatic contexts.
- The verbal noun hovaș tends to refer to identities, whereas rnataș refers to states.
- Past forms in hâl- are the most common.
- Past forms in rnos- are used mainly to imply a contrast between the past and the present.
Conjugation
| ExpandConjugation of vat (active voice, irregular△) |
|---|
| ExpandCompound forms of vat (active voice) |
|---|
Translations
Showequivalence copula
Categories:
- Interlingual homographs
- Laefevian terms derived from the Proto-Laenkean root *bʱat-
- Laefevian terms belonging to the root vat-
- Laefevian terms inherited from Proto-Laefevic
- Laefevian terms inherited from Proto-Laenkean
- Laefevian lemmas
- Laefevian nouns
- lfv:Anatomy
- Laefevian terms with usage examples
- lfv:Botany
- lfv:Biology
- Laefevian consonant-stem nouns
- Laefevian terms with Radestrian translations
- Laefevian terms with Riyan translations
- Laefevian terms with translations
- Radestrian terms inherited from Middle Radestrian
- Radestrian terms inherited from Old Radestrian
- Radestrian terms inherited from Proto-Radic
- Radestrian terms inherited from Proto-Hirdic
- Radestrian terms inherited from Proto-Laenkean
- Radestrian terms derived from the Proto-Laenkean root *pɯl-
- Radestrian terms derived from the Proto-Laenkean root *(s)natʼ-
- Rhymes:Radestrian/at
- Radestrian lemmas
- Radestrian verbs
- Radestrian copulative verbs
- Radestrian terms with usage examples
- Radestrian intransitive verbs
- Radestrian verbs governing the dative
- Radestrian stative verbs
- Radestrian auxiliary verbs
- Radestrian irregular verbs
- Radestrian terms with Laefevian translations
- Radestrian terms with translations
- Terms needing Riyan translations