ert: Difference between revisions

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# to {{eng|claim}}, to {{eng|say}}, to {{eng|think}}
# to {{eng|claim}}, to {{eng|say}}, to {{eng|think}}
#: {{ex|rad|Vâs *erșeș*, eș ets traiș.|He *thought* it was kinda dull.}}
#: {{ex|rad|Vâs *erșeș*, eș ets traiș.|He *thought* it was kinda dull.}}
==== Usage notes ====
* The depersonal non-past indicative form is spelt {{m|rad|èr}} to distinguish it from {{m|rad|er|t=on}}.


==== Conjugation ====
==== Conjugation ====
{{rad-conj|ert|er|erș|erșe|erg|er|erștr|depers=èr*|r=er}}
{{rad-conj|ert|er|erș|erșe|erg|er|erștr|depers=èr*|r=er}}

Revision as of 14:44, 13 October 2024

Radestrian

Etymology

From Middle Radestrian airt, from Old Radestrian ajrtt, inherited from Proto-Radic *ajrhht, from Proto-Hirdic *ájrəp̄, from Proto-Laenkean *m̥ɟŕ̥p-.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɛrt/
  • Rhyme: -ɛrt

Verb

ert (transitive, first-person singular non-past ere, first-person singular past erșei, present adverbial participle erșevú, past adverbial participle ergúl, verbal noun ergaș)

  1. to yield, to result in
  2. to mean, to entail, to engender
    Bitad gjøș kjes èr a gyvúza?
    What does this mean for the future?
  3. to mean, to signify
    Bitad gjøș èr kjeșa rjaovs?
    What does this word mean?
  4. to mean (be sincere)
    Èr gjøn-ast?
    Do you mean it?
  5. to claim, to say, to think
    Vâs erșeș, eș ets traiș.
    He thought it was kinda dull.

Usage notes

  • The depersonal non-past indicative form is spelt èr to distinguish it from er (“on”).

Conjugation

Conjugation of ert (active voice, irregular△)  
nonfinite forms
infinitive ert
/ɛrt/
connegative erta
/ˈɛrta/
supine ertúr
/ˈɛrtuːr/
participle present adjectival erșeș
/ˈɛrʃɛʃ/
adverbial erșevú
/ˈɛrʃɛvuː/
past adjectival ergúș
/ˈɛrɡuːʃ/
adverbial ergúl
/ˈɛrɡuːl/
verbal noun ergaș
/ˈɛrɡaʃ/
finite forms singular plural humble
first second third depersonal first second third depersonal second
informal formal inclusive exclusive
ú re lește vâs, vara gjei, gjen, gjeș … dzun, sted dzate sjáște vír, vara gjes, gjete, gje, gjen … sja, lai
simple imperative era
/ˈɛra/		 erúș
/ˈɛruːʃ/		 eruoș
/ˈɛruoʃ/		 erovú
/ˈɛrɔvuː/		 erúr
/ˈɛruːr/
indicative non-past ere
/ˈɛrɛ/		 erș
/ɛrʃ/		 èr△
/ɛr/		 eruos
/ˈɛruos/		 eruote
/ɛˈruotɛ/		 erú
/ˈɛruː/		 erún
/ˈɛruːn/
past erșei
/ˈɛrʃei/		 erșen
/ˈɛrʃɛn/		 erșeș
/ˈɛrʃɛʃ/		 erșe
/ˈɛrʃɛ/		 erșuos
/ˈɛrʃuos/		 erșuote
/ɛrˈʃuotɛ/		 erșú
/ˈɛrʃuː/		 erșún
/ˈɛrʃuːn/
subjunctive non-past erai
/ˈɛrai/		 erá
/ˈɛraː/		 eraș
/ˈɛraʃ/		 era
/ˈɛra/		 eravuos
/ˈɛravuos/		 eravuote
/ˈɛravuotɛ/		 eravú
/ˈɛravuː/		 eravún
/ˈɛravuːn/
past erșai
/ˈɛrʃai/		 erșain
/ˈɛrʃain/		 erșaiș
/ˈɛrʃaiʃ/		 erșai
/ˈɛrʃai/		 erșavuos
/ˈɛrʃavuos/		 erșavuote
/ˈɛrʃavuotɛ/		 erșavú
/ˈɛrʃavuː/		 erșavún
/ˈɛrʃavuːn/
optative non-past erúe
/ɛˈruːɛ/		 erova
/ˈɛrɔva/		 erúș
/ˈɛruːʃ/		 erú
/ˈɛruː/		 erovuos
/ˈɛrɔvuos/		 erovuote
/ˈɛrɔvuotɛ/		 erovú
/ˈɛrɔvuː/		 erovún
/ˈɛrɔvuːn/
past erșevei
/ˈɛrʃɛvei/		 erșeven
/ˈɛrʃɛvɛn/		 erșeveș
/ˈɛrʃɛvɛʃ/		 erșeve
/ˈɛrʃɛvɛ/		 erșevuos
/ˈɛrʃɛvuos/		 erșevuote
/ˈɛrʃɛvuotɛ/		 erșevú
/ˈɛrʃɛvuː/		 erșevún
/ˈɛrʃɛvuːn/
habitual indicative non-past eriè
/ˈɛri.ɛ/		 erin
/ˈɛrin/		 eriș
/ˈɛriʃ/		 eri
/ˈɛri/		 erúris
/ɛˈruːris/		 erúrite
/ɛˈruːritɛ/		 erúri
/ɛˈruːri/		 erúrin
/ɛˈruːrin/
past erșeriè
/ɛrˈʃɛri.ɛ/		 erșerin
/ˈɛrʃɛrin/		 erșeriș
/ˈɛrʃɛriʃ/		 erșeri
/ˈɛrʃɛri/		 erșúris
/ɛrˈʃuːris/		 erșúrite
/ɛrˈʃuːritɛ/		 erșúri
/ɛrˈʃuːri/		 erșúrin
/ɛrˈʃuːrin/
subjunctive non-past erariè
/ɛˈrari.ɛ/		 erarin
/ˈɛrarin/		 erariș
/ˈɛrariʃ/		 erari
/ˈɛrari/		 eravúris
/ˈɛravuːris/		 eravúrite
/ˈɛravuːritɛ/		 eravúri
/ˈɛravuːri/		 eravúrin
/ˈɛravuːrin/
past erșairiè
/ɛrˈʃairi.ɛ/		 erșairin
/ɛrˈʃairin/		 erșairiș
/ɛrˈʃairiʃ/		 erșairi
/ɛrˈʃairi/		 erșavúris
/ˈɛrʃavuːris/		 erșavúrite
/ˈɛrʃavuːritɛ/		 erșavúri
/ˈɛrʃavuːri/		 erșavúrin
/ˈɛrʃavuːrin/
optative non-past erúriè
/ɛˈruːri.ɛ/		 erúrin
/ɛˈruːrin/		 erúriș
/ɛˈruːriʃ/		 erúri
/ɛˈruːri/		 erovúris
/ˈɛrɔvuːris/		 erovúrite
/ˈɛrɔvuːritɛ/		 erovúri
/ˈɛrɔvuːri/		 erovúrin
/ˈɛrɔvuːrin/
past erșeveriè
/ɛrˈʃɛvɛri.ɛ/		 erșeverin
/ɛrˈʃɛvɛrin/		 erșeveriș
/ɛrˈʃɛvɛriʃ/		 erșeveri
/ɛrˈʃɛvɛri/		 erșevúris
/ˈɛrʃɛvuːris/		 erșevúrite
/ˈɛrʃɛvuːritɛ/		 erșevúri
/ˈɛrʃɛvuːri/		 erșevúrin
/ˈɛrʃɛvuːrin/
Compound forms of ert (active voice)  
singular plural humble
first second third depersonal first second third depersonal second
informal formal inclusive exclusive
ú re lește vâs, vara gjei, gjen, gjeș … dzun, sted dzate sjáște vír, vara gjes, gjete, gje, gjen … sja, lai
continuous infinitive erșevú vat
indicative non-past erșevú vage erșevú vaga erșevú vaș erșevú erșevú vaguos erșevú vaguote erșevú vagú erșevú erșevú vagún
past erșevú hâlei erșevú hâlen erșevú hâleș erșevú hâle erșevú hâluos erșevú hâluote erșevú hâlú erșevú hâlún
subjunctive non-past erșevú vagai erșevú vagá erșevú vagaș erșevú vaga erșevú vagavuos erșevú vagavuote erșevú vagavú erșevú vagavún
past erșevú hâlai erșevú hâlain erșevú hâlaiș erșevú hâlai erșevú hâlavuos erșevú hâlavuote erșevú hâlavú erșevú hâlavún
optative non-past erșevú vagúe erșevú vagova erșevú vagúș erșevú vagú erșevú vagovuos erșevú vagovuote erșevú vagovú erșevú vagovún
past erșevú hâlevei erșevú hâleven erșevú hâleveș erșevú hâleve erșevú hâlevuos erșevú hâlevuote erșevú hâlevú erșevú hâlevún
perfective infinitive ergúl-at
indicative perfect ergúl-age ergúl-aga ergúl-aș ergúl ergúl-aguos ergúl-aguote ergúl-agú ergúl ergúl-agún
pluperfect ergúl-âlei ergúl-âlen ergúl-âleș ergúl-âle ergúl-âluos ergúl-âluote ergúl-âlú ergúl-âlún
subjunctive perfect ergúl-agai ergúl-agá ergúl-agaș ergúl-aga ergúl-agavuos ergúl-agavuote ergúl-agavú ergúl-agavún
pluperfect ergúl-âlai ergúl-âlain ergúl-âlaiș ergúl-âlai ergúl-âlavuos ergúl-âlavuote ergúl-âlavú ergúl-âlavún
optative perfect ergúl-agúe ergúl-agova ergúl-agúș ergúl-agú ergúl-agovuos ergúl-agovuote ergúl-agovú ergúl-agovún
pluperfect ergúl-âlevei ergúl-âleven ergúl-âleveș ergúl-âleve ergúl-âlevuos ergúl-âlevuote ergúl-âlevú ergúl-âlevún
Negative compound forms of ert (active voice)
continuous infinitive erșevú hjeat
indicative non-past erșevú hjei erșevú hjeà erșevú hjeaș erșevú hje erșevú hjeuos erșevú hjeuote erșevú hjeú erșevú hjeún
past erșevú húei erșevú húen erșevú húeș erșevú húe erșevú hủos erșevú hủote erșevú hủ erșevú hủn
subjunctive non-past erșevú hjeai erșevú hjeá erșevú hjeàș erșevú hjeà erșevú hjeàvuos erșevú hjeàvuote erșevú hjeàvú erșevú hjeàvún
past erșevú húai erșevú húain erșevú húaiș erșevú húai erșevú húavuos erșevú húavuote erșevú húavú erșevú húavún
optative non-past erșevú hjeúe erșevú hjeova erșevú hjeúș erșevú hjeú erșevú hjeovuos erșevú hjeovuote erșevú hjeovú erșevú hjeovún
past erșevú húevei erșevú húeven erșevú húeveș erșevú húeve erșevú húevuos erșevú húevuote erșevú húevú erșevú húevún
perfective infinitive ergúl hjeat
indicative perfect ergúl hjei ergúl hjeà ergúl hjeaș ergúl hje ergúl hjeuos ergúl hjeuote ergúl hjeú ergúl hjeún
pluperfect ergúl-úei ergúl-úen ergúl-úeș ergúl-úe ergúl-ủos ergúl-ủote ergúl-ủ ergúl-ủn
subjunctive perfect ergúl hjeai ergúl hjeá ergúl hjeàș ergúl hjeà ergúl hjeàvuos ergúl hjeàvuote ergúl hjeàvú ergúl hjeàvún
pluperfect ergúl-úai ergúl-úain ergúl-úaiș ergúl-úai ergúl-úavuos ergúl-úavuote ergúl-úavú ergúl-úavún
optative perfect ergúl hjeúe ergúl hjeova ergúl hjeúș ergúl hjeú ergúl hjeovuos ergúl hjeovuote ergúl hjeovú ergúl hjeovún
pluperfect ergúl-úevei ergúl-úeven ergúl-úeveș ergúl-úeve ergúl-úevuos ergúl-úevuote ergúl-úevú ergúl-úevún
Conjugation of eruot (passive voice, irregular△)  
nonfinite forms
infinitive eruot
/ˈɛruot/
connegative eruota
/ɛˈruota/
supine eruotúr
/ɛˈruotuːr/
participle present adjectival erștruviș
/ˈɛrʃtruviʃ/
adverbial erștruvivú
/ɛrʃˈtruvivuː/
past adjectival erguokș
/ˈɛrɡuokʃ/
adverbial ergúk
/ˈɛrɡuːk/
verbal noun eruvaș
/ˈɛruvaʃ/
finite forms singular plural humble
first second third depersonal first second third depersonal second
informal formal inclusive exclusive
ú re lește vâs, vara gjei, gjen, gjeș … dzun, sted dzate sjáște vír, vara gjes, gjete, gje, gjen … sja, lai
simple imperative erúa
/ɛˈruːa/		 eruvúș
/ˈɛruvuːʃ/		 eruvuoș
/ˈɛruvuoʃ/		 eruvovú
/ɛˈruvɔvuː/		 eruvúr
/ˈɛruvuːr/
indicative non-past erúe
/ɛˈruːɛ/		 eruva
/ˈɛruva/		 erúș
/ˈɛruːʃ/		 erú
/ˈɛruː/		 eruvuos
/ˈɛruvuos/		 eruvuote
/ˈɛruvuotɛ/		 eruvú
/ˈɛruvuː/		 eruvún
/ˈɛruvuːn/
past erștruvei
/ˈɛrʃtruvei/		 erștruven
/ˈɛrʃtruvɛn/		 erștruveș
/ˈɛrʃtruvɛʃ/		 erștruve
/ˈɛrʃtruvɛ/		 erștruvuos
/ˈɛrʃtruvuos/		 erștruvuote
/ˈɛrʃtruvuotɛ/		 erștruvú
/ˈɛrʃtruvuː/		 erștruvún
/ˈɛrʃtruvuːn/
subjunctive non-past eruvai
/ˈɛruvai/		 eruvá
/ˈɛruvaː/		 eruvaș
/ˈɛruvaʃ/		 eruva
/ˈɛruva/		 eruvavuos
/ɛˈruvavuos/		 eruvavuote
/ɛˈruvavuotɛ/		 eruvavú
/ɛˈruvavuː/		 eruvavún
/ɛˈruvavuːn/
past erștruvai
/ˈɛrʃtruvai/		 erștruvain
/ˈɛrʃtruvain/		 erștruvaiș
/ˈɛrʃtruvaiʃ/		 erștruvai
/ˈɛrʃtruvai/		 erștruvavuos
/ɛrʃˈtruvavuos/		 erștruvavuote
/ɛrʃˈtruvavuotɛ/		 erștruvavú
/ɛrʃˈtruvavuː/		 erștruvavún
/ɛrʃˈtruvavuːn/
optative non-past eruvúe
/ˈɛruvuːɛ/		 eruvova
/ɛˈruvɔva/		 eruvúș
/ˈɛruvuːʃ/		 eruvú
/ˈɛruvuː/		 eruvovuos
/ɛˈruvɔvuos/		 eruvovuote
/ɛˈruvɔvuotɛ/		 eruvovú
/ɛˈruvɔvuː/		 eruvovún
/ɛˈruvɔvuːn/
past erștruvevei
/ɛrʃˈtruvɛvei/		 erștruveven
/ɛrʃˈtruvɛvɛn/		 erștruveveș
/ɛrʃˈtruvɛvɛʃ/		 erștruveve
/ɛrʃˈtruvɛvɛ/		 erștruvevuos
/ɛrʃˈtruvɛvuos/		 erștruvevuote
/ɛrʃˈtruvɛvuotɛ/		 erștruvevú
/ɛrʃˈtruvɛvuː/		 erștruvevún
/ɛrʃˈtruvɛvuːn/
habitual indicative non-past erúriè
/ɛˈruːri.ɛ/		 erúrin
/ɛˈruːrin/		 erúriș
/ɛˈruːriʃ/		 erúri
/ɛˈruːri/		 eruvúris
/ˈɛruvuːris/		 eruvúrite
/ˈɛruvuːritɛ/		 eruvúri
/ˈɛruvuːri/		 eruvúrin
/ˈɛruvuːrin/
past erștruveriè
/ɛrʃˈtruvɛri.ɛ/		 erștruverin
/ɛrʃˈtruvɛrin/		 erștruveriș
/ɛrʃˈtruvɛriʃ/		 erștruveri
/ɛrʃˈtruvɛri/		 erștruvúris
/ˈɛrʃtruvuːris/		 erștruvúrite
/ˈɛrʃtruvuːritɛ/		 erștruvúri
/ˈɛrʃtruvuːri/		 erștruvúrin
/ˈɛrʃtruvuːrin/
subjunctive non-past eruvariè
/ɛˈruvari.ɛ/		 eruvarin
/ɛˈruvarin/		 eruvariș
/ɛˈruvariʃ/		 eruvari
/ɛˈruvari/		 eruvavúris
/ɛˈruvavuːris/		 eruvavúrite
/ɛˈruvavuːritɛ/		 eruvavúri
/ɛˈruvavuːri/		 eruvavúrin
/ɛˈruvavuːrin/
past erștruvairiè
/ˈɛrʃtruvairi.ɛ/		 erștruvairin
/ˈɛrʃtruvairin/		 erștruvairiș
/ˈɛrʃtruvairiʃ/		 erștruvairi
/ˈɛrʃtruvairi/		 erștruvavúris
/ɛrʃˈtruvavuːris/		 erștruvavúrite
/ɛrʃˈtruvavuːritɛ/		 erștruvavúri
/ɛrʃˈtruvavuːri/		 erștruvavúrin
/ɛrʃˈtruvavuːrin/
optative non-past eruvúriè
/ˈɛruvuːri.ɛ/		 eruvúrin
/ˈɛruvuːrin/		 eruvúriș
/ˈɛruvuːriʃ/		 eruvúri
/ˈɛruvuːri/		 eruvovúris
/ɛˈruvɔvuːris/		 eruvovúrite
/ɛˈruvɔvuːritɛ/		 eruvovúri
/ɛˈruvɔvuːri/		 eruvovúrin
/ɛˈruvɔvuːrin/
past erștruveveriè
/ɛrʃˈtruvɛvɛri.ɛ/		 erștruveverin
/ɛrʃˈtruvɛvɛrin/		 erștruveveriș
/ɛrʃˈtruvɛvɛriʃ/		 erștruveveri
/ɛrʃˈtruvɛvɛri/		 erștruvevúris
/ɛrʃˈtruvɛvuːris/		 erștruvevúrite
/ɛrʃˈtruvɛvuːritɛ/		 erștruvevúri
/ɛrʃˈtruvɛvuːri/		 erștruvevúrin
/ɛrʃˈtruvɛvuːrin/
Compound forms of eruot (passive voice)  
singular plural humble
first second third depersonal first second third depersonal second
informal formal inclusive exclusive
ú re lește vâs, vara gjei, gjen, gjeș … dzun, sted dzate sjáște vír, vara gjes, gjete, gje, gjen … sja, lai
continuous infinitive erștruvivú vat
indicative non-past erștruvivú vage erștruvivú vaga erștruvivú vaș erștruvivú erștruvivú vaguos erștruvivú vaguote erștruvivú vagú erștruvivú erștruvivú vagún
past erștruvivú hâlei erștruvivú hâlen erștruvivú hâleș erștruvivú hâle erștruvivú hâluos erștruvivú hâluote erștruvivú hâlú erștruvivú hâlún
subjunctive non-past erștruvivú vagai erștruvivú vagá erștruvivú vagaș erștruvivú vaga erștruvivú vagavuos erștruvivú vagavuote erștruvivú vagavú erștruvivú vagavún
past erștruvivú hâlai erștruvivú hâlain erștruvivú hâlaiș erștruvivú hâlai erștruvivú hâlavuos erștruvivú hâlavuote erștruvivú hâlavú erștruvivú hâlavún
optative non-past erștruvivú vagúe erștruvivú vagova erștruvivú vagúș erștruvivú vagú erștruvivú vagovuos erștruvivú vagovuote erștruvivú vagovú erștruvivú vagovún
past erștruvivú hâlevei erștruvivú hâleven erștruvivú hâleveș erștruvivú hâleve erștruvivú hâlevuos erștruvivú hâlevuote erștruvivú hâlevú erștruvivú hâlevún
perfective infinitive ergúk-at
indicative perfect ergúk-age ergúk-aga ergúk-aș ergúk ergúk-aguos ergúk-aguote ergúk-agú ergúk ergúk-agún
pluperfect ergúk-âlei ergúk-âlen ergúk-âleș ergúk-âle ergúk-âluos ergúk-âluote ergúk-âlú ergúk-âlún
subjunctive perfect ergúk-agai ergúk-agá ergúk-agaș ergúk-aga ergúk-agavuos ergúk-agavuote ergúk-agavú ergúk-agavún
pluperfect ergúk-âlai ergúk-âlain ergúk-âlaiș ergúk-âlai ergúk-âlavuos ergúk-âlavuote ergúk-âlavú ergúk-âlavún
optative perfect ergúk-agúe ergúk-agova ergúk-agúș ergúk-agú ergúk-agovuos ergúk-agovuote ergúk-agovú ergúk-agovún
pluperfect ergúk-âlevei ergúk-âleven ergúk-âleveș ergúk-âleve ergúk-âlevuos ergúk-âlevuote ergúk-âlevú ergúk-âlevún
Negative compound forms of erruot (passive voice)
continuous infinitive erștruvivú hjeat
indicative non-past erștruvivú hjei erștruvivú hjeà erștruvivú hjeaș erștruvivú hje erștruvivú hjeuos erștruvivú hjeuote erștruvivú hjeú erștruvivú hjeún
past erștruvivú húei erștruvivú húen erștruvivú húeș erștruvivú húe erștruvivú hủos erștruvivú hủote erștruvivú hủ erștruvivú hủn
subjunctive non-past erștruvivú hjeai erștruvivú hjeá erștruvivú hjeàș erștruvivú hjeà erștruvivú hjeàvuos erștruvivú hjeàvuote erștruvivú hjeàvú erștruvivú hjeàvún
past erștruvivú húai erștruvivú húain erștruvivú húaiș erștruvivú húai erștruvivú húavuos erștruvivú húavuote erștruvivú húavú erștruvivú húavún
optative non-past erștruvivú hjeúe erștruvivú hjeova erștruvivú hjeúș erștruvivú hjeú erștruvivú hjeovuos erștruvivú hjeovuote erștruvivú hjeovú erștruvivú hjeovún
past erștruvivú húevei erștruvivú húeven erștruvivú húeveș erștruvivú húeve erștruvivú húevuos erștruvivú húevuote erștruvivú húevú erștruvivú húevún
perfective infinitive ergúk hjeat
indicative perfect ergúk hjei ergúk hjeà ergúk hjeaș ergúk hje ergúk hjeuos ergúk hjeuote ergúk hjeú ergúk hjeún
pluperfect ergúk-úei ergúk-úen ergúk-úeș ergúk-úe ergúk-ủos ergúk-ủote ergúk-ủ ergúk-ủn
subjunctive perfect ergúk hjeai ergúk hjeá ergúk hjeàș ergúk hjeà ergúk hjeàvuos ergúk hjeàvuote ergúk hjeàvú ergúk hjeàvún
pluperfect ergúk-úai ergúk-úain ergúk-úaiș ergúk-úai ergúk-úavuos ergúk-úavuote ergúk-úavú ergúk-úavún
optative perfect ergúk hjeúe ergúk hjeova ergúk hjeúș ergúk hjeú ergúk hjeovuos ergúk hjeovuote ergúk hjeovú ergúk hjeovún
pluperfect ergúk-úevei ergúk-úeven ergúk-úeveș ergúk-úeve ergúk-úevuos ergúk-úevuote ergúk-úevú ergúk-úevún

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