Appendix:Radestrian pronunciation: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 10:26, 7 October 2024

Consonants
SR	HD	CR	IR	Examples
b		b	b	byeat
		b	bˠ	bvar
		p		hevúb
d		d		dars; nraos
d		t		vaid
dv		d	dˠ	dvuoþs
dz		dz		dzars
dz		ts		hjendzs
dzv		dz	dzˠ	dzvuksa
dʒ		ɡj	ɟ	djáș; tedxa (CR, IR teģa)
dʒ		dʒ		dzjảt
ð		ð		dvoðai
ð		θ		uð
∅				uð
f			f	fá; aruovs
f			fˠ	fvans
ɡ		ɡ		groviș
ɡ		k		hjeg
ɡv		ɡ		gvieș
h				hai
j		j	j	jaut; bájr; gĵáþs; sĵákt
		j	ʎ	ljás; eljemt; ciļerbt (IR, cf. SR cièrbt)
		ɡj	ɟ	gjoriș
k		k		køat; valzgt
kf		k		kvars
l		l	l	lája
lv		l	ɫ	lvoat
m		m	m	más
m			mˠ	mvaþers
mv			mˠ	remvaiș
n		n	n	nýrims
n			nˠ	nvasta
nv			nˠ	anvas
ɲ			ɲ	daonjva
ɲ		ɲ	ɲ	njøs
ŋ				dziņs; rengedzs
p		p	p	poliș; rabs; iebt
		p	pˠ	sprapvas; spvocía (SR sprafvas; sfvocía)
r		r	r	raș
rv		r	rˠ	rvaus
s		s	s	sfvocía; às
sv		s	sˠ	svuiș
ʃ	ç	ʃ	ç	hjádvanþs
ʃ	ʃ		ʃ	sjaus; kșaovs
ʃv			ʂ	șvomai
t		t	t	tojes; asadta
tf		t	tˠ	tvír
ts		ts	ts	cynus; brycs; arøts; sletsa
tsv		ts	tsˠ	ocvair·
tʃ		kj	c	kjezvusk; tjeștres; vaķ
tʃ		tʃ	tʃ	heņrecjes
tʃv		tʃ	tʂ	ljáķvair
v		v	v	vaors; úfjorks; refjorks
		v	vˠ	Sjâva; var
		f		ív
xj ~ ç		j	ɬ	hĵáþs (IR hļáþs)
xl		l	l̥	hlorans
xm		m	m̥	hmanþs
xn		n	n̥	hnír
xŋ		ŋ	ŋ̊	hņía; asehņieș
xr		r	r̥	hraza
xv		v	f	hvaus
z		z		zras; tasg
z		s		drjázs;
zv		z	zˠ	kjezvusk
ʒ	ʝ	ʒ	ʝ	jvars
ʒ	ʒ		ʒ	ozjes; haxga
ʒv			ʐ	—
Marginal consonants
w				alua; ue; Woriks
Non-native consonants
ɣ (x~h~∅)				herands, sjorķaha
x		Ø		-hC-
ʔ, q (k)				Iráqs

Vowels
SR	HD	CR	IR	Examples
Monophthongs
a		ɑ	ɐ	hras
aː		aː	a	tát
aːː			aː	vjảt
æː			ɛː	deat
ɤ				dzun; pâse; lvûșevú; vlunza
ɛ				elt
i			ɪ	irgár; yrjelt
iː		iː	i	níva; hlýgans
iːː		iː	iː	vỉș; Rỷr
ɔ				oraș; ostárs; hort
ɔː		ɑː	ɔː	vaors
œ				gjedrøs
u			ʊ	fjucei
uː		uː	u	arúval
uːː		uː	uː	sjetủ
Diphthongs
ai		ɛː	eː	faiș; hredai
		ɛː	eː	vjeiș
		ɑi	øy	røi
au		ɔː	oː	sjaus
ɤi		ɤː	ɤi	mvuiș; câiș
ei		eː		tviej
		eː		varei
		ɑi	øy	harøi
ia		iɑ	iɐ	ieas; dzyeat
ie		ie	iɤ	glierms; hlyevs
iːe		ie	ie	dzỉes; Rỷeșa
ɔa		wa	ɔː	roat
ɔi				lņuojrs; hjaoi
œa		œː		køat
øi		øː	øy	lyejr
ua		uɑ	uɐ	kuoat
uo		wɔ	(+ˠ) ɔ	duot
uo		uo	uɤ	gvuoș
uːo		uo	uo	krủos
Non-native vowels
eː (ie)		eː		-é-
oː (uo)				bórjesta
y (i)			ʏ (ɪ)	kỳrjesta
Stress
ˈ				sjavair·ljere [ˌʃavaiˈrjɛrɛ]
ˌ				sjavair·ljere [ˌʃavaiˈrjɛrɛ]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{appendix|rad}}
 {| style="background:none"
 |- style="vertical-align:top;"
@@ Line 19: / Line 20: @@
 | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>hevú<b>b</b></i>
 |- style="vertical-align:middle;"
-| colspan="4" | <span class="IPA">d</span>
+| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">d</span>
+| colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">d</span>
 | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>d</b>ars; <b>n</b>raos</i>
+|- style="vertical-align:middle;"
+| colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">t</span>
+| style="text-align:left;" | <i>vai<b>d</b></i>
 |- style="vertical-align:middle;"
 | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">dv</span>
@@ Line 26: / Line 31: @@
 | <span class="IPA">dˠ</span>
 | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>dv</b>uoþs</i>
-|- style="vertical-align:middle;"
-| colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">d</span>
-| colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">t</span>
-| style="text-align:left;" | <i>vai<b>d</b></i>
 |-
 | rowspan="2" colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">dz</span>
@@ Line 73: / Line 74: @@
 | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">k</span>
 | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>hje<b>g</b></i>
-|- style="vertical-align:middle;"
-| colspan="4" | <span class="IPA">ɡj</span>
-| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>gĵ</b>áþs</i>
 |- style="vertical-align:middle;"
 | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ɡv</span>
@@ Line 87: / Line 85: @@
 | rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">j</span>
 | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">j</span>
-| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>j</b>aut; bá<b>j</b>r</i>
+| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>j</b>aut; bá<b>j</b>r; g<b>ĵ</b>áþs; s<b>ĵ</b>ákt</i>
 |-
 | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ʎ</span>
@@ Line 100: / Line 98: @@
 | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>k</b>øat; valz<b>g</b>t</i>
 |-
-| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">kv</span>
+| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">kf</span>
 | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>kv</b>ars</i>
 |-
@@ Line 124: / Line 122: @@
 |-
 | rowspan="2" colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">n</span>
-| rowspan="3" | <span class="IPA">n</span>
+| rowspan="4" | <span class="IPA">n</span>
 | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">n</span>
 | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>n</b>ýrims</i>
@@ Line 134: / Line 132: @@
 | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>a<b>nv</b>as</i>
 |- style="vertical-align:middle;"
-| colspan="4" | <span class="IPA">ɲ</span>
+| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ɲ</span>
-| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>nj</b>øs; dao<b>nj</b>va</i>
+| rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ɲ</span>
+| style="text-align:left;" | <i>dao<b>nj</b>va</i>
+|- style="vertical-align:middle;"
+| <span class="IPA">ɲ</span>
+| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>nj</b>øs</i>
 |- style="vertical-align:middle;"
 | colspan="4" | <span class="IPA">ŋ</span>
@@ Line 166: / Line 168: @@
 | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">sˠ</span>
 | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>sv</b>uiș</i>
-|- style="vertical-align:middle;"
-| colspan="4" | <span class="IPA">sj</span>
-| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>sĵ</b>ákt</i>
 |-
 | rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ʃ</span>
@@ Line 177: / Line 176: @@
 |-
 | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ʃ</span>
-| rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ʃ</span>
+| <span class="IPA">ʃ</span>
 | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>sj</b>aus; k<b>ș</b>aovs</i>
 |-
 | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ʃv</span>
+| style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ʂ</span>
 | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>șv</b>omai</i>
 |-
@@ Line 188: / Line 188: @@
 | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>t</b>ojes; asa<b>d</b>ta</i>
 |-
-| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">tv</span>
+| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">tf</span>
 | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">tˠ</span>
 | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>tv</b>ír</i>
@@ Line 200: / Line 200: @@
 | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">tsˠ</span>
 | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>o<b>cv</b>air·</i>
-|- style="vertical-align:middle;"
-| colspan="4" | <span class="IPA">tsj</span>
-| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>cĵ</b>át</i>
 |-
 | rowspan="2" colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">tʃ</span>
@@ Line 209: / Line 206: @@
 | style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>kj</b>ezvusk; <b>tj</b>eștres; va<b>ķ</b></i>
 |-
-| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">tʃ</span>
+| rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">tʃ</span>
+| <span class="IPA">tʃ</span>
 | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>heņre<b>cj</b>es</i>
 |-
 | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">tʃv</span>
+| <span class="IPA">tʂ</span>
 | style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>ljá<b>ķv</b>air</i>
 |-
@@ Line 263: / Line 262: @@
 | rowspan="2" colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">z</span>
 | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">z</span>
-| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>z</b>dras; ta<b>s</b>g</i>
+| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i><b>z</b>ras; ta<b>s</b>g</i>
 |-
 | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">s</span>
@@ Line 280: / Line 279: @@
 |-
 | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ʒ</span>
-| rowspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ʒ</span>
+| style="vertical-align:middle;" |  <span class="IPA">ʒ</span>
-| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>o<b>zj</b>es; ore<b>x</b>us</i>
+| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>o<b>zj</b>es; ha<b>x</b>ga</i>
 |-
 | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ʒv</span>
-| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>ore<b>xv</b>a</i>
+| style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ʐ</span>
+| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | —
+|-
+! colspan="5" | Marginal consonants
+|- style="vertical-align:middle;"
+| colspan="4" | <span class="IPA">w</span>
+| style="text-align:left;" | <i>al<b>u</b>a; <b>u</b>e; <b>W</b>oriks</i>
 |-
 ! colspan="5" | Non-native consonants
 |- style="vertical-align:middle;"
-| colspan="4" | <span class="IPA">ɣ<br>(g)</span>
+| colspan="4" | <span class="IPA">ɣ<br>(x~h~∅)</span>
-| style="text-align:left;" | <i>-<b>ğ</b>-</i>
+| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>h</b>erands, sjorķa<b>h</b>a</i>
-|- style="vertical-align:middle;"
-| colspan="4" | <span class="IPA">w<br>(v)</span>
-| style="text-align:left;" | <i><b>W</b>oriks</i>
 |- style="vertical-align:middle;"
 | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">x</span>
@@ Line 416: / Line 418: @@
 | colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">iːe</span>
 | style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ie</span>
-| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>dz<b>ỉe</b>s</i>
+| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;" | <i>dz<b>ỉe</b>s; R<b>ỷe</b>șa</i>
 |- style="vertical-align:middle;"
 | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ɔa</span>
@@ Line 455: / Line 457: @@
 ! colspan="5" | Non-native vowels
 |- style="vertical-align:middle;"
-| colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">ɑː<br>(aː)</span>
+| colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">eː<br>(ie)</span>
-| <span class="IPA">ɑː</span>
-| <span class="IPA">ɑː<br>(ɔː)</span>
-| style="text-align:left;" | <i>-<b>á</b>-</i> from Riyan
-|- style="vertical-align:middle;"
-| colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">eː<br>(ei)</span>
 | colspan="2" | <span class="IPA">eː</span>
 | style="text-align:left;" | <i>-<b>é</b>-</i>
@@ Line 474: / Line 471: @@
 |-
 | colspan="4" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ˈ</span>
-| rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | <i>sjavair·ljere<br></i>[<b>ˌ</b>ʃavair<b>ˈ</b>jɛrɛ]
+| rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | <i>sjavair·ljere<br></i>[<b>ˌ</b>ʃavai<b>ˈ</b>rjɛrɛ]
 |-
 | colspan="4" style="vertical-align:middle;" | <span class="IPA">ˌ</span>
 |}
 |}

Appendix:Radestrian pronunciation: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 10:26, 7 October 2024

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