sá: Difference between revisions

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* Before the definite article, the form {{m|rad|sáv}} is used.
* Before the definite article, the form {{m|rad|sáv}} is used.
** Historically, the <b>-v</b> is from the definite article, rather than an older form of the preposition. This <b>v</b> was then rebracketed by analogy with other prepositions, such as {{m|rad|fje}}, which have definite forms in <b>-v</b>.
** Historically, the <b>-v</b> is from the definite article, rather than an older form of the preposition. This <b>v</b> was then rebracketed by analogy with other prepositions, such as {{m|rad|fje}}, which have definite forms in <b>-v</b>.
* The enclitic form is used in combination with weak pronominal complements:
{{rad-enclisis|dat}}
<small>
{| class="wikitable inflection table" style="text-align: center" width=100%
! colspan=22 | Combined pronominal forms of ''{{here}}''&nbsp;
|-
! rowspan=4 | case
! colspan=11 | personal
! colspan=2 | interrogative-<br>existential
! colspan=2 | demonstrative
! colspan=6 | quantifier
|-
! colspan=4 | <small>SG</small>
! colspan=5 | <small>PL</small>
! rowspan=3 | <small>REFL</small>
! rowspan=3 | <small>RECP</small>
! rowspan=3 | <small>ANIM</small>
! rowspan=3 | <small>INAN</small>
! rowspan=3 | <small>PROX</small>
! rowspan=3 | <small>DIST</small>
! colspan=2 | collective
! colspan=2 | indefinite
! colspan=2 | general indefinite
|-
! rowspan=2 | <small>1</small>
! rowspan=2 | <small>2</small>
! colspan=2 | <small>3</small>
! colspan=2 | <small>1</small>
! rowspan=2 | <small>2</small>
! colspan=2 | <small>3</small>
! rowspan=2 | <small>ANIM</small>
! rowspan=2 | <small>INAN</small>
! rowspan=2 | <small>ANIM</small>
! rowspan=2 | <small>INAN</small>
! rowspan=2 | <small>ANIM</small>
! rowspan=2 | <small>INAN</small>
|-
! <small>ANIM</small>
! <small>INAN</small>
! <small>INCL</small>
! <small>EXCL</small>
! <small>ANIM</small>
! <small>INAN</small>
|-
! {{+|dative}}
| {{l|rad|vensá}} || {{l|rad|ransá}} || {{l|rad|vânsá}} || {{l|rad|vansá}} || {{l|rad|dzmensá}} || {{l|rad|dzatunsá}} || {{l|rad|sjánsá}} || {{l|rad|vjensá}} || {{l|rad|vainsá}}
| {{l|rad|dzinsá}} || {{l|rad|dzjensá}}
| {{l|rad|bjásá}} || {{l|rad|binsá}}
| {{l|rad|kasá}} || {{l|rad|okasá}}
| {{l|rad|vásá}} || {{l|rad|uvasá}}
| {{l|rad|básá}} || {{l|rad|bunsá}}
| {{l|rad|bjásá-vá}} || {{l|rad|binsá-vá}}
|}
</small>


==== See also ====
==== See also ====
{{rad-sprep}}
{{rad-sprep}}

Revision as of 21:30, 27 April 2024

Radestrian

Alternative forms

  • -sá (pronominal enclitic)
  • sáv (before the definite article)

Etymology

From Middle Radestrian sá, from Old Radestrian sǣ, inherited from Proto-Radic *śǣ, from Proto-Hirdic *sjē, from Proto-Laenkean *sjej.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /saː/
    • (colloquial) /sa/
  • Rhymes: -aː (7), -a (76)

Preposition

sá

  1. (spatial) to (abode/establishment/boundary) Lua error in Module:government at line 32: The |pos parameter requires the language code to be specified in the first parameter.
    Sá stíma fvelge.
    I’m going to a friend’s.
    Sáv ag ardesa horte.
    I’m driving to work.
    Sáv a dziun fvelge.
    I’m walking to the house.

Usage notes

  • Before the definite article, the form sáv is used.
    • Historically, the -v is from the definite article, rather than an older form of the preposition. This v was then rebracketed by analogy with other prepositions, such as fje, which have definite forms in -v.
  • The enclitic form is used in combination with weak pronominal complements:

Combined pronominal forms of sá 
case personal
SG PL REFL RECP
1 2 3 1 2 3
ANIM INAN INCL EXCL ANIM INAN
ú re vâs vara dzun dzate sjáște vír vara dzist dzjed
[dative] vensá
/ˈvɛnsaː/		 ransá
/ˈransaː/		 vânsá
/ˈvɤnsaː/		 vansá
/ˈvansaː/		 dzmensá
/ˈdzmɛnsaː/		 dzatunsá
/ˈdzatɤnsaː/		 sjánsá
/ˈʃaːnsaː/		 vjensá
/ˈvjɛnsaː/		 vainsá
/ˈvainsaː/		 dzinsá
/ˈdzinsaː/		 dzjensá
/ˈdʒɛnsaː/
case number interrogative-
existential		 demonstrative quantifier
ANIM INAN PROX DIST indefinite general indefinite collective
ANIM INAN ANIM INAN ANIM INAN
bjaș bjar kjes okjes baus bvar bjaș-á bjar-á vaus var
[dative] SG bjásá
/ˈbjaːsaː/		 binsá
/ˈbinsaː/		 kasá
/ˈkasaː/		 okasá
/ˈɔkasaː/		 básá
/ˈbaːsaː/		 bunsá
/ˈbɤnsaː/		 bjásá-vá
/ˈbjaːsaːvaː/		 binsá-vá
/ˈbinsaːvaː/		 vásá
/ˈvaːsaː/		 uvasá
/ˈuvasaː/
PL bjainsá
/ˈbjainsaː/		 bjensá
/ˈbjɛnsaː/		 tensá
/ˈtɛnsaː/		 otensá
/ɔˈtɛnsaː/		 baunsá
/ˈbaunsaː/		 bønsá
/ˈbœnsaː/		 bjainsá-vá
/ˈbjainsaːvaː/		 bjensá-vá
/ˈbjɛnsaːvaː/

See also

Radestrian spatial prepositions
space position goal source transit
exterior lara
[genitive]
outside 		lara
[accusative]
outside 		allara
[genitive]
from outside 		ýra
[accusative]
past, by
interior
(bound space) 		la
[dative]
in, at 		la
[accusative]
into, to 		an
[genitive]
out, from 		ý
[accusative]
through
immersion tí
[instrumental]
between, amidst, in 		latí
[accusative]
between, into 		antí
[genitive]
from between, out
establishment sje
[dative]
at 		sá
[dative]
to 		tí
[accusative]
from
boundary ní
[instrumental]
by, at, beside 		ynan
[dative]
along
plane
(unbound space) 		er
[dative]
on, at 		er
[accusative]
onto, to 		ý
[accusative]
through
superior surface ha
[genitive]
off 		teșa
[genitive]
across, over
vertical/inferior
surface 		yn
[dative]
on 		yn
[accusative]
onto 		an
[genitive]
off 		ynan
[dative]
across, along
company vas
[instrumental]
with
absence ir
[accusative]
without
centre ralga
[genitive]
in the middle of 		lavas
[accusative]
into the middle of 		anvas
[genitive]
from the middle of 		ervas
[dative]
around
anterior svíma
[dative]
in front of, before, opposite 		svíma
[accusative]
towards, against 		ansvíma
[genitive]
from in front of
posterior ha
[dative]
behind, after 		ha
[accusative]
behind, after 		ana
[genitive]
from behind
superior fje
[dative]
above 		fje
[accusative]
above 		anfje
[genitive]
from above
inferior taon
[dative]
below 		taon
[accusative]
below 		andaon
[genitive]
from below
vicinity nvieru
[genitive]
near 		hjeral
[genitive]
around
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