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Appendix:Glossary: Difference between revisions
ਕੋਈ ਸੋਧ ਸਾਰ ਨਹੀਂ
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==A== | ==A== | ||
; {{anchor|absolute_superlative}}absolute superlative | |||
: An {{glossary|inflection}}, or different form, of a '''{{glossary|comparable}}''' adjective showing a relative quality, used to express a {{glossary|superlative}} that cannot be exceeded, having the sense ''as [adjective] as possible'' or ''very/absolutely/completely [adjective]''. (See also ''{{glossary|comparative}}'', ''{{glossary|superlative}}'' and ''{{glossary|degrees of comparison}}''.) It usually contrasts with {{glossary|relative superlative}}. | |||
; {{anchor|adjective}}adjective | ; {{anchor|adjective}}adjective | ||
: A word like {{eng|big}} or {{eng|childish}} that usually serves to modify a {{glossary|noun}}. | : A word like {{eng|big}} or {{eng|childish}} that usually serves to modify a {{glossary|noun}}. | ||
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==C== | ==C== | ||
; {{anchor|comparable}}comparable | |||
: Of an adjective or adverb: able to be compared, having {{glossary|comparative}} and {{glossary|superlative}} forms that end in ''-er'' and ''-est'' (adjectives only), or in conjunction with the words ''more'' or ''most'', or sometimes ''further'' or ''furthest''. Examples: ''big'', ''bigger'', and ''biggest''; ''talented'', ''more talented'', and ''most talented''; ''upstairs'', ''further upstairs'', and ''furthest upstairs''. Some adjectives are truly '''{{glossary|uncomparable}}''', such as ''daily'', ''additional'', and ''else''. Many other adjectives, such as ''unique'', ''existential'', and ''bearable'' are generally considered uncomparable, but controversially so, where examples can be readily cited of something being "''more bearable''" or "''most perfect''". | |||
; {{anchor|comparative}}comparative | |||
: An {{glossary|inflection}}, or different form, of a '''{{glossary|comparable}}''' adjective showing a relative quality, usually denoting "to a greater extent" but not "to the ultimate extent". (See also ''{{glossary|superlative}}'' and ''{{glossary|degrees of comparison}}''.) In English, the ''comparative'' form is usually formed by appending ''-er'', or using the word ''more''. For example, the comparative of ''hard'' is "''harder''"; of ''difficult'', "''more difficult''". | |||
; {{anchor|conjugation}}conjugation | ; {{anchor|conjugation}}conjugation | ||
: The inflection of {{glossary|verbs}}. See also {{glossary|declension}}. | : The inflection of {{glossary|verbs}}. See also {{glossary|declension}}. | ||
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; {{anchor|declension}}declension | ; {{anchor|declension}}declension | ||
: The {{glossary|inflection}} of {{glossary|noun|nouns}} and words like them, or used together with them (i.e. {{glossary|nominal|nominals}}). See also {{glossary|conjugation}}. | : The {{glossary|inflection}} of {{glossary|noun|nouns}} and words like them, or used together with them (i.e. {{glossary|nominal|nominals}}). See also {{glossary|conjugation}}. | ||
; {{anchor|degrees of comparison}}degrees of comparison | |||
: {{glossary|inflection|Inflections}} of adjectives and adverbs which allow comparisons. English has three ''degrees of comparison'': {{glossary|positive}}, {{glossary|comparative}} and {{glossary|superlative}}. Some other languages have other degrees, e.g.: {{glossary|comparative superlative}}, {{glossary|relative superlative}}, {{glossary|elative}}. | |||
; {{anchor|depersonal}}depersonal | ; {{anchor|depersonal}}depersonal | ||
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; {{anchor|reflexive}}reflexive | ; {{anchor|reflexive}}reflexive | ||
: Referring back to the subject, or having an object equal to the subject. Pronouns can be reflexive (e.g. ''{{eng|myself}}'', ''{{eng|oneself}}''). Romance and Slavic languages make extensive use of reflexive verb forms (e.g. Italian ''lavarsi'', Spanish ''lavarse'' (“to wash oneself”)). These are part of a larger group of {{glossary|pronominal_verb|pronominal verbs}}. | : Referring back to the subject, or having an object equal to the subject. Pronouns can be reflexive (e.g. ''{{eng|myself}}'', ''{{eng|oneself}}''). Romance and Slavic languages make extensive use of reflexive verb forms (e.g. Italian ''lavarsi'', Spanish ''lavarse'' (“to wash oneself”)). These are part of a larger group of {{glossary|pronominal_verb|pronominal verbs}}. | ||
; {{anchor|relative_superlative}}relative superlative | |||
: An {{glossary|inflection}}, or different form, of a '''{{glossary|comparable}}''' adjective showing a relative quality, used to express the highest degree of something in relation to something else. (See also ''{{glossary|comparative}}'', ''{{glossary|superlative}}'' and ''{{glossary|degrees of comparison}}''.) It usually contrasts with {{glossary|absolute superlative}}. In Laefevian the relative superlative is equivalent to the superlative in English. | |||
==S== | ==S== | ||
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; {{anchor|singular}}singular, singular number | ; {{anchor|singular}}singular, singular number | ||
: A {{glossary|number|grammatical number}} that indicates exactly one item or individual. Usually contrasts with {{glossary|plural}}, and, in some languages, with {{glossary|dual}}. | : A {{glossary|number|grammatical number}} that indicates exactly one item or individual. Usually contrasts with {{glossary|plural}}, and, in some languages, with {{glossary|dual}}. | ||
; {{anchor|superlative}}superlative | |||
: An {{glossary|inflection}}, or different form, of a '''{{glossary|comparable}}''' adjective showing a relative quality, denoting "to the ultimate extent". (See also ''{{glossary|comparative}}'' and ''{{glossary|degrees of comparison}}''.) In English, the superlative form is often formed by appending ''{{eng|-est}}'', or using the word ''{{eng|most}}''. For example, the superlative of ''big'' is "''biggest''"; of ''confident'', "''most confident''". | |||
; {{anchor|synonym}}synonym | ; {{anchor|synonym}}synonym | ||
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==U== | ==U== | ||
; {{anchor|uncomparable}}uncomparable, not comparable | |||
: (of adjectives) unable to be compared, or lacking a {{glossary|comparative}} and {{glossary|superlative}} function. ''See'' '''{{glossary|comparable}}'''. Examples of adjectives that are not comparable: ''annual'', ''first'', ''extra'', ''satin'', ''six-figure''. | |||
; {{anchor|uncountable}}uncountable | ; {{anchor|uncountable}}uncountable | ||
: A {{glossary|noun}} that cannot be used freely with numbers or the {{glossary|indefinite}} {{glossary|article}}, and which therefore usually takes no {{glossary|plural}} form. For example, the English noun ''{{eng|information}}'' is a mass noun, and at least in its principal senses is uncountable in most varieties of English. For those senses, we cannot say that we have *one information, nor that we have *many information (or *many informations). Many mass noun senses often have corresponding plural {{glossary|countable|count}} senses that denote types of the mass sense, instances of the mass sense, or portions (servings) of the mass sense. For example, the main sense of ''{{eng|butter}}'' is the uncountable sense, so the plural form butters is seldom used, although it occasionally is used to mean "types of butter" (''many {{eng|herb butter|herb butters}} contain garlic'') or "[packets of] butter". Compare also other implicit references to a container and the portion/serving that it contains (''get me a water, order two sodas, have a few beers''). Many languages do not distinguish between countable and uncountable nouns. {{glossary|antonym|Antonym}}: {{glossary|countable}} or count noun. | : A {{glossary|noun}} that cannot be used freely with numbers or the {{glossary|indefinite}} {{glossary|article}}, and which therefore usually takes no {{glossary|plural}} form. For example, the English noun ''{{eng|information}}'' is a mass noun, and at least in its principal senses is uncountable in most varieties of English. For those senses, we cannot say that we have *one information, nor that we have *many information (or *many informations). Many mass noun senses often have corresponding plural {{glossary|countable|count}} senses that denote types of the mass sense, instances of the mass sense, or portions (servings) of the mass sense. For example, the main sense of ''{{eng|butter}}'' is the uncountable sense, so the plural form butters is seldom used, although it occasionally is used to mean "types of butter" (''many {{eng|herb butter|herb butters}} contain garlic'') or "[packets of] butter". Compare also other implicit references to a container and the portion/serving that it contains (''get me a water, order two sodas, have a few beers''). Many languages do not distinguish between countable and uncountable nouns. {{glossary|antonym|Antonym}}: {{glossary|countable}} or count noun. | ||