Appendix:Proto-Laenkean/ⁿdet-
Proto-Laenkean
Root
*ⁿdet- (zero grade *n̥dt-)
- to make
Conjugation
| Reconstructed conjugation of *ⁿdet- (active voice) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | ||||
| +2 | –2 | +2 | –2 | |||||||||
| imperative | *ⁿdetʔar | *ⁿdetʔæ(p?)sje | *ⁿdetʔær | *ⁿdetʔɯw(p?)sje | *ⁿdetʔɯwr | |||||||
| simple aspect | ||||||||||||
| indicative | non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔakʰus | *ⁿdetʔan | *ⁿdetʔaci | *ⁿdetʔæps | *ⁿdetʔætʼos | *ⁿdetʔæm | *ⁿdetʔætja | *ⁿdetʔɯwps | *ⁿdetʔɯwtʼos | *ⁿdetʔɯwm | *ⁿdetʔɯwtja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjekʰus | *ⁿdetjen | *ⁿdetjeci | *ⁿdetjajps | *ⁿdetjajtʼos | *ⁿdetjajm | *ⁿdetjajtja | *ⁿdetjawps | *ⁿdetjawtʼos | *ⁿdetjawm | *ⁿdetjawtja | |
| cond-subj. (*-m̥h-) |
non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔm̥hakʰus | *ⁿdetʔm̥han | *ⁿdetʔm̥haci | *ⁿdetʔm̥hæps | *ⁿdetʔm̥hætʼos | *ⁿdetʔm̥hæm | *ⁿdetʔm̥hætja | *ⁿdetʔm̥hɯwps | *ⁿdetʔm̥hɯwtʼos | *ⁿdetʔm̥hɯwm | *ⁿdetʔm̥hɯwtja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjm̥hekʰus | *ⁿdetjm̥hen | *ⁿdetjm̥heci | *ⁿdetjm̥hajps | *ⁿdetjm̥hajtʼos | *ⁿdetjm̥hajm | *ⁿdetjm̥hajtja | *ⁿdetjm̥hawps | *ⁿdetjm̥hawtʼos | *ⁿdetjm̥hawm | *ⁿdetjm̥hawtja | |
| optative I (*-ɯ/ib-) |
non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔɯbakʰus | *ⁿdetʔɯban | *ⁿdetʔɯbaci | *ⁿdetʔɯbæps | *ⁿdetʔɯbætʼos | *ⁿdetʔɯbæm | *ⁿdetʔɯbætja | *ⁿdetʔɯbɯwps | *ⁿdetʔɯbɯwtʼos | *ⁿdetʔɯbɯwm | *ⁿdetʔɯbɯwtja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjibekʰus | *ⁿdetjiben | *ⁿdetjibeci | *ⁿdetjibajps | *ⁿdetjibajtʼos | *ⁿdetjibajm | *ⁿdetjibajtja | *ⁿdetjibawps | *ⁿdetjibawtʼos | *ⁿdetjibawm | *ⁿdetjibawtja | |
| optative II (*-aw/jgʱm-) |
non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔawgʱmakʰus | *ⁿdetʔawgʱman | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmaci | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmæps | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmætʼos | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmæm | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmætja | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmɯwps | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmɯwtʼos | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmɯwm | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmɯwtja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjajgʱmekʰus | *ⁿdetjajgʱmen | *ⁿdetjajgʱmeci | *ⁿdetjajgʱmajps | *ⁿdetjajgʱmajtʼos | *ⁿdetjajgʱmajm | *ⁿdetjajgʱmajtja | *ⁿdetjajgʱmawps | *ⁿdetjajgʱmawtʼos | *ⁿdetjajgʱmawm | *ⁿdetjajgʱmawtja | |
| perfective aspect (*-de-) | ||||||||||||
| indicative | non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔadekʰus | *ⁿdetʔaden | *ⁿdetʔadeci | *ⁿdetʔædeps | *ⁿdetʔædetʼos | *ⁿdetʔædem | *ⁿdetʔædetja | *ⁿdetʔɯwdeps | *ⁿdetʔɯwdetʼos | *ⁿdetʔɯwdem | *ⁿdetʔɯwdetja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjedekʰus | *ⁿdetjeden | *ⁿdetjedeci | *ⁿdetjajdeps | *ⁿdetjajdetʼos | *ⁿdetjajdem | *ⁿdetjajdetja | *ⁿdetjawdeps | *ⁿdetjawdetʼos | *ⁿdetjawdem | *ⁿdetjawdetja | |
| cond-subj. (*-m̥h-) |
non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔm̥hadekʰus | *ⁿdetʔm̥haden | *ⁿdetʔm̥hadeci | *ⁿdetʔm̥hædeps | *ⁿdetʔm̥hædetʼos | *ⁿdetʔm̥hædem | *ⁿdetʔm̥hædetja | *ⁿdetʔm̥hɯwdeps | *ⁿdetʔm̥hɯwdetʼos | *ⁿdetʔm̥hɯwdem | *ⁿdetʔm̥hɯwdetja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjm̥hedekʰus | *ⁿdetjm̥heden | *ⁿdetjm̥hedeci | *ⁿdetjm̥hajdeps | *ⁿdetjm̥hajdetʼos | *ⁿdetjm̥hajdem | *ⁿdetjm̥hajdetja | *ⁿdetjm̥hawdeps | *ⁿdetjm̥hawdetʼos | *ⁿdetjm̥hawdem | *ⁿdetjm̥hawdetja | |
| optative I (*-ɯ/ib-) |
non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔɯbadekʰus | *ⁿdetʔɯbaden | *ⁿdetʔɯbadeci | *ⁿdetʔɯbædeps | *ⁿdetʔɯbædetʼos | *ⁿdetʔɯbædem | *ⁿdetʔɯbædetja | *ⁿdetʔɯbɯwdeps | *ⁿdetʔɯbɯwdetʼos | *ⁿdetʔɯbɯwdem | *ⁿdetʔɯbɯwdetja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjibedekʰus | *ⁿdetjibeden | *ⁿdetjibedeci | *ⁿdetjibajdeps | *ⁿdetjibajdetʼos | *ⁿdetjibajdem | *ⁿdetjibajdetja | *ⁿdetjibawdeps | *ⁿdetjibawdetʼos | *ⁿdetjibawdem | *ⁿdetjibawdetja | |
| optative II (*-aw/jgʱm-) |
non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔawgʱmadekʰus | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmaden | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmadeci | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmædeps | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmædetʼos | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmædem | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmædetja | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmɯwdeps | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmɯwdetʼos | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmɯwdem | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmɯwdetja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjajgʱmedekʰus | *ⁿdetjajgʱmeden | *ⁿdetjajgʱmedeci | *ⁿdetjajgʱmajdeps | *ⁿdetjajgʱmajdetʼos | *ⁿdetjajgʱmajdem | *ⁿdetjajgʱmajdetja | *ⁿdetjajgʱmawdeps | *ⁿdetjajgʱmawdetʼos | *ⁿdetjajgʱmawdem | *ⁿdetjajgʱmawdetja | |
| imperfective aspect (*-bow-) | ||||||||||||
| indicative | non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔabowkʰus | *ⁿdetʔabown | *ⁿdetʔabowci | *ⁿdetʔæbowps | *ⁿdetʔæbowtʼos | *ⁿdetʔæbowm | *ⁿdetʔæbowtja | *ⁿdetʔɯwbowps | *ⁿdetʔɯwbowtʼos | *ⁿdetʔɯwbowm | *ⁿdetʔɯwbowtja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjebowkʰus | *ⁿdetjebown | *ⁿdetjebowci | *ⁿdetjajbowps | *ⁿdetjajbowtʼos | *ⁿdetjajbowm | *ⁿdetjajbowtja | *ⁿdetjawbowps | *ⁿdetjawbowtʼos | *ⁿdetjawbowm | *ⁿdetjawbowtja | |
| cond-subj. (*-m̥h-) |
non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔm̥habowkʰus | *ⁿdetʔm̥habown | *ⁿdetʔm̥habowci | *ⁿdetʔm̥hæbowps | *ⁿdetʔm̥hæbowtʼos | *ⁿdetʔm̥hæbowm | *ⁿdetʔm̥hæbowtja | *ⁿdetʔm̥hɯwbowps | *ⁿdetʔm̥hɯwbowtʼos | *ⁿdetʔm̥hɯwbowm | *ⁿdetʔm̥hɯwbowtja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjm̥hebowkʰus | *ⁿdetjm̥hebown | *ⁿdetjm̥hebowci | *ⁿdetjm̥hajbowps | *ⁿdetjm̥hajbowtʼos | *ⁿdetjm̥hajbowm | *ⁿdetjm̥hajbowtja | *ⁿdetjm̥hawbowps | *ⁿdetjm̥hawbowtʼos | *ⁿdetjm̥hawbowm | *ⁿdetjm̥hawbowtja | |
| optative I (*-ɯ/ib-) |
non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔɯbabowkʰus | *ⁿdetʔɯbabown | *ⁿdetʔɯbabowci | *ⁿdetʔɯbæbowps | *ⁿdetʔɯbæbowtʼos | *ⁿdetʔɯbæbowm | *ⁿdetʔɯbæbowtja | *ⁿdetʔɯbɯwbowps | *ⁿdetʔɯbɯwbowtʼos | *ⁿdetʔɯbɯwbowm | *ⁿdetʔɯbɯwbowtja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjibebowkʰus | *ⁿdetjibebown | *ⁿdetjibebowci | *ⁿdetjibajbowps | *ⁿdetjibajbowtʼos | *ⁿdetjibajbowm | *ⁿdetjibajbowtja | *ⁿdetjibawbowps | *ⁿdetjibawbowtʼos | *ⁿdetjibawbowm | *ⁿdetjibawbowtja | |
| optative II (*-aw/jgʱm-) |
non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔawgʱmabowkʰus | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmabown | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmabowci | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmæbowps | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmæbowtʼos | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmæbowm | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmæbowtja | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmɯwbowps | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmɯwbowtʼos | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmɯwbowm | *ⁿdetʔawgʱmɯwbowtja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjajgʱmebowkʰus | *ⁿdetjajgʱmebown | *ⁿdetjajgʱmebowci | *ⁿdetjajgʱmajbowps | *ⁿdetjajgʱmajbowtʼos | *ⁿdetjajgʱmajbowm | *ⁿdetjajgʱmajbowtja | *ⁿdetjajgʱmawbowps | *ⁿdetjajgʱmawbowtʼos | *ⁿdetjajgʱmawbowm | *ⁿdetjajgʱmawbowtja | |
| Reconstructed conjugation of *ⁿdet- (mediopassive voice) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | ||||
| +2 | –2 | +2 | –2 | |||||||||
| imperative | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱar | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱæ(p?)sje | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱær | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯw(p?)sje | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯwr | |||||||
| simple aspect | ||||||||||||
| indicative | non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔr̥bʱakʰus | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱan | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱaci | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱæps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱætʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱæm | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱætja | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯwps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯwtʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯwm | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯwtja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjr̥bʱekʰus | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱen | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱeci | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajtʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajm | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajtja | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱawps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱawtʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱawm | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱawtja | |
| cond-subj. (*-m̥h-) |
non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hakʰus | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥han | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥haci | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hæps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hætʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hæm | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hætja | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hɯwps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hɯwtʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hɯwm | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hɯwtja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hekʰus | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hen | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥heci | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hajps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hajtʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hajm | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hajtja | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hawps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hawtʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hawm | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hawtja | |
| optative I (*-ɯ/ib-) |
non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbakʰus | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯban | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbaci | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbæps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbætʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbæm | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbætja | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbɯwps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbɯwtʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbɯwm | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbɯwtja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjr̥bʱibekʰus | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱiben | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibeci | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibajps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibajtʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibajm | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibajtja | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibawps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibawtʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibawm | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibawtja | |
| optative II (*-aw/jgʱm-) |
non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmakʰus | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱman | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmaci | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmæps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmætʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmæm | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmætja | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmɯwps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmɯwtʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmɯwm | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmɯwtja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmekʰus | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmen | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmeci | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmajps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmajtʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmajm | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmajtja | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmawps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmawtʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmawm | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmawtja | |
| perfective aspect (*-de-) | ||||||||||||
| indicative | non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔr̥bʱadekʰus | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱaden | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱadeci | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱædeps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱædetʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱædem | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱædetja | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯwdeps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯwdetʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯwdem | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯwdetja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjr̥bʱedekʰus | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱeden | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱedeci | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajdeps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajdetʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajdem | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajdetja | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱawdeps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱawdetʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱawdem | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱawdetja | |
| cond-subj. (*-m̥h-) |
non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hadekʰus | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥haden | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hadeci | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hædeps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hædetʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hædem | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hædetja | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hɯwdeps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hɯwdetʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hɯwdem | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hɯwdetja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hedekʰus | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥heden | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hedeci | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hajdeps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hajdetʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hajdem | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hajdetja | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hawdeps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hawdetʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hawdem | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hawdetja | |
| optative I (*-ɯ/ib-) |
non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbadekʰus | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbaden | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbadeci | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbædeps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbædetʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbædem | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbædetja | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbɯwdeps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbɯwdetʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbɯwdem | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbɯwdetja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjr̥bʱibedekʰus | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibeden | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibedeci | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibajdeps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibajdetʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibajdem | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibajdetja | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibawdeps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibawdetʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibawdem | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibawdetja | |
| optative II (*-aw/jgʱm-) |
non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmadekʰus | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmaden | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmadeci | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmædeps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmædetʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmædem | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmædetja | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmɯwdeps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmɯwdetʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmɯwdem | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmɯwdetja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmedekʰus | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmeden | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmedeci | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmajdeps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmajdetʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmajdem | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmajdetja | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmawdeps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmawdetʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmawdem | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmawdetja | |
| imperfective aspect (*-bow-) | ||||||||||||
| indicative | non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔr̥bʱabowkʰus | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱabown | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱabowci | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱæbowps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱæbowtʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱæbowm | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱæbowtja | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯwbowps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯwbowtʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯwbowm | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯwbowtja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjr̥bʱebowkʰus | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱebown | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱebowci | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajbowps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajbowtʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajbowm | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajbowtja | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱawbowps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱawbowtʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱawbowm | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱawbowtja | |
| cond-subj. (*-m̥h-) |
non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥habowkʰus | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥habown | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥habowci | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hæbowps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hæbowtʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hæbowm | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hæbowtja | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hɯwbowps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hɯwbowtʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hɯwbowm | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱm̥hɯwbowtja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hebowkʰus | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hebown | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hebowci | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hajbowps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hajbowtʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hajbowm | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hajbowtja | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hawbowps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hawbowtʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hawbowm | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱm̥hawbowtja | |
| optative I (*-ɯ/ib-) |
non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbabowkʰus | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbabown | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbabowci | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbæbowps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbæbowtʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbæbowm | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbæbowtja | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbɯwbowps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbɯwbowtʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbɯwbowm | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱɯbɯwbowtja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjr̥bʱibebowkʰus | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibebown | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibebowci | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibajbowps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibajbowtʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibajbowm | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibajbowtja | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibawbowps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibawbowtʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibawbowm | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱibawbowtja | |
| optative II (*-aw/jgʱm-) |
non-past (*-ʔ-) |
*ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmabowkʰus | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmabown | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmabowci | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmæbowps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmæbowtʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmæbowm | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmæbowtja | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmɯwbowps | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmɯwbowtʼos | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmɯwbowm | *ⁿdetʔr̥bʱawgʱmɯwbowtja |
| past (*-j-) |
*ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmebowkʰus | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmebown | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmebowci | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmajbowps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmajbowtʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmajbowm | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmajbowtja | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmawbowps | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmawbowtʼos | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmawbowm | *ⁿdetjr̥bʱajgʱmawbowtja | |
Derived terms
- *ⁿdet- (bare verb)
- *ⁿdet-tʰ-es
- *n̥d<pi>t-k(ʰ)wé-s
- Laefevian: êmpiskwis (“difficult”)