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Appendix:Laefevian pronunciation: Difference between revisions

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! Long
! Long
|-
|-
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">b</span>
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|b}}
| '''b'''auðis, e'''b'''ent
| '''b'''auðis, e'''b'''ent
| a'''bb'''est
| a'''bb'''est
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">d</span>
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|d}}
| style="text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">d</span>
| style="text-align:center;" | {{lipa|d}}
| '''d'''ant, teon'''d'''e
| '''d'''ant, teon'''d'''e
| li'''dd'''u
| li'''dd'''u
|-
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">d̥</span>
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|d̥}}
| kwana'''d'''
| kwana'''d'''
| style="text-align:center;" | —
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
|-
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">f</span>
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ð}}
| style="text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ð}}
| kwi'''ð'''ent, '''ð'''êruž
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ð̥}}
| žylgi'''ð'''
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|f}}
| '''f'''êrme, ljel'''f'''is, ǧimor'''f'''
| '''f'''êrme, ljel'''f'''is, ǧimor'''f'''
| na'''ff'''ud
| na'''ff'''ud
|-
|-
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">g</span>
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|g}}
| '''g'''olwirs, nôlun'''g'''a
| '''g'''olwirs, nôlun'''g'''a
| i'''gg'''e
| i'''gg'''e
|-
|-
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">gʷ</span>
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ɣ}}
| '''gw'''alt, lon'''gw'''e
| style="text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ɣ}}
| '''ǧ'''ilwêsad, lê'''ǧ'''øst
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ɣ̊}}
| ôri'''ǧ'''
| style="text-align:center;" | —
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">x</span>
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|x}}
| style="text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">x</span>
| style="text-align:center;" | {{lipa|x}}
| '''h'''uldus, mê'''h'''ad, vidda'''h'''
| '''h'''uldus, mê'''h'''ad, vidda'''h'''
| ô'''hh'''urju
| ô'''hh'''urju
|-
|-
| text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">h~ɦ</span>
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ç}}
| žy'''h'''da
| '''h'''jêsus, igwesi'''h'''ke
| style="text-align:center;" | —
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
|-
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">xʷ</span>
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|h~ɦ}}
| '''hw'''aren, ši'''hw'''e
| žy'''h'''da
| style="text-align:center;" | —
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
|-
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">k</span>
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|k}}
| '''k'''êst, høs'''k'''ant
| '''k'''êst, høs'''k'''ant
| jê'''kk'''ô
| jê'''kk'''ô
|-
|-
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">kʷ</span>
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|l}}
| '''kw'''êssa, ma'''kw'''is
| style="text-align:center;" | {{lipa|l}}
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">l</span>
| style="text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">l</span>
| '''l'''êpe, tu'''l'''us
| '''l'''êpe, tu'''l'''us
| u'''ll'''et
| u'''ll'''et
|-
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">l̥</span>
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|l̥}}
| sômpe'''l'''t, irô'''l'''
| sômpe'''l'''t, irô'''l'''
| style="text-align:center;" | —
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
|-
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">l̥</span>
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ɬ}}
| style="text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">ɬ</span>
| '''hl'''êmêlj, tan'''hl'''uvad, a'''ls'''om, arke'''tl'''is
| '''hl'''êmêlj, tan'''hl'''uvad
| ñô'''hl'''ad, fi'''lhl'''êmêlj, ando'''rtl'''is
| ñô'''hl'''ad, fi'''lhl'''êmêlj
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ɮ}}
| style="text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ɮ}}
| ku'''lz'''aft
| gu'''rdl'''is
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ɮ̥}}
| ertu'''lz'''
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">ʎ</span>
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ʎ}}
| style="text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">ʎ</span>
| style="text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ʎ}}
| '''lj'''ôv, ny'''lj'''et
| '''lj'''ôv, ny'''lj'''et  
| rintise'''llj'''i
| loste'''llj'''i
|-
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">ʎ̥</span>
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ʎ̥}}
| a'''lj'''
| a'''lj'''
| style="text-align:center;" | —
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">ʎ̥</span>
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ʎ̥}}
| style="text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">ʎ̥</span>
| '''hlj'''avad
| '''hlj'''avad
| style="text-align:center;" | —
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">ʎ</span>
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|m}}
| '''m'''elis, vê'''m'''pad, ja'''m'''
| to'''mm'''aj, ô'''hm'''ørvadde
|-
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|m̥}}
| '''hm'''inge
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|n}}
| style="text-align:center;" | {{lipa|n}}
| '''n'''ura'''n''', lêhda'''n'''t
| aršu'''nn'''ai, ru'''hn'''odad, lô'''nhn'''uoð
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ŋ}}
| o'''n'''kôr, suo'''n'''ge, by'''n'''hwe
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|n̥}}
| '''hn'''agis
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ɲ}}
| '''nj'''alke, y'''nj'''e, galma'''nj'''
| fy'''nnj'''et, jø'''nhnj'''urgurvad
|-
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ɲ̊}}
| '''hnj'''ovad
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ŋ}}
| '''ñ'''ostøst, ru'''ñ'''eš, ježa'''ñ'''
| su'''ññ'''olus, ô'''hñ'''ôad
|-
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ŋ̊}}
| '''hñ'''effu
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|p}}
| '''p'''iet, vê'''p'''in
| kê'''pp'''êj
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|r}}
| style="text-align:center;" | {{lipa|r}}
| '''r'''okwis, i'''r'''êst
| i'''rr'''an, e'''rhr'''ênad
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|r̥}}
| pê'''r'''han, fêwi'''r''', hwella'''r'''z
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|r̥}}
| '''hr'''is
| style="text-align:center;" | —
| style="text-align:center;" | —
| jø'''hlj'''ynfad
|-
|-
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">lʷ</span>
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|s}}
| style="text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">ɬʷ</span>
| '''s'''kôhad, bi'''s'''ôlt, vruoli'''s'''
| go'''lw'''irs
| lê'''ss'''øht
| vo'''llw'''ir
|-
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ʃ}}
| '''š'''uskej, ir'''š'''oþ, almi'''š'''
| vai'''šš'''a
|-
|-
| style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">l̥ʷ</span>
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|t}}
| style="text-align:center;" | <span class="IPA">ɬʷ</span>
| '''t'''yrwan, lo'''t'''ad, þah'''t'''
| '''hlw'''êhda
| hma'''tt'''e
| fi'''lhlw'''êño
|-
|-
|}
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|θ}}
| '''þ'''agge, žø'''þ'''ad, spê'''þ'''
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|v}}
| style="text-align:center;" | {{lipa|v}}
| '''v'''êst, mølta'''v'''ad
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ʋ}}
| '''v'''lisus, '''v'''rô, h'''v'''eht, lyt'''v'''ente
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|u̯}}
| ra'''v'''dad, ži'''v'''virs, ni'''v''', alda'''v'''
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|z}}
| style="text-align:center;" | {{lipa|z}}
| '''z'''enjotad, ôssoltô'''z'''is
| ô'''zz'''is
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|z̥}}
| sker'''z'''
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ʒ}}
| style="text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ʒ}}
| '''ž'''êmpiþ, tyrge'''ž'''ihke
| a'''žž'''ênj
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ʒ̊}}
| þahto'''ž'''
| style="text-align:center;" | —
|-
! colspan="5" | {{eng|Semivowel}}s
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|w}}
| style="text-align:center;" | {{lipa|w}}
| colspan="2" | ow'''we'''lpiv
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|u̯}}
| colspan="2" | '''w'''igent, k'''w'''êh'''w'''e, o'''w'''welpiv, ô'''w'''ihke, lê'''w'''
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|y̯}}
| colspan="2" | lyng'''w'''in, jøk'''w'''ivintad, nuhk'''ŵ'''ôin
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" | {{lipa|j}}
| style="text-align:center;" | {{lipa|j}}
| colspan="2" | nyj'''j'''et
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|i̯}}
| colspan="2" | '''j'''am, lih'''j'''unad, na'''j'''ekad, ny'''j'''jet, mele'''j'''
|-
|}  
|
|
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="5" | {{eng|Vowel}}s
! colspan="2" | {{eng|Vowel}}s
|-
! IPA
! Examples
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|a}}
| '''a'''lbet, t'''a'''lt, kwêss'''a'''
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|e}}
| '''e'''kai, hlêj'''e'''nt, lygg'''e'''
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ɛ}}
| '''ê'''hranettis, m'''ê'''llin, þ'''ê'''
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|i}}
| '''i'''rêst, val'''i'''s, jarj'''i'''
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|o}}
| '''o'''nǧud, vônn'''o'''lji, yngi'''o'''
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ɔ}}
| '''ô'''spinwe, l'''ô'''nsênad, neft'''ô'''
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|ø}}
| '''ø'''rvest, j'''ø'''sad, sk'''ø'''lv'''ø'''
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|u}}
| '''u'''spo, or'''u'''ð, hñeff'''u'''
|-
| style=text-align:center;" | {{lipa|y}}
| '''y'''nad, f'''y'''nt
|-
|-
|}
|}
|}
|}
[[Category:Laefevian language]][[Category:Laefevian appendices]]

Latest revision as of 15:22, 13 April 2025

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Consonants
IPA Examples
Short Long
b bauðis, ebent abbest
d d dant, teonde liddu
d̥ kwanad —
ð ð kwiðent, ðêruž —
ð̥ žylgið —
f fêrme, ljelfis, ǧimorf naffud
g golwirs, nôlunga igge
ɣ ɣ ǧilwêsad, lêǧøst —
ɣ̊ ôriǧ —
x x huldus, mêhad, viddah ôhhurju
ç hjêsus, igwesihke —
h~ɦ žyhda —
k kêst, høskant jêkkô
l l lêpe, tulus ullet
l̥ sômpelt, irôl —
ɬ hlêmêlj, tanhluvad, alsom, arketlis ñôhlad, filhlêmêlj, andortlis
ɮ ɮ kulzaft gurdlis
ɮ̥ ertulz —
ʎ ʎ ljôv, nyljet lostellji
ʎ̥ alj —
ʎ̥ hljavad —
m melis, vêmpad, jam tommaj, ôhmørvadde
m̥ hminge —
n n nuran, lêhdant aršunnai, ruhnodad, lônhnuoð
ŋ onkôr, suonge, bynhwe —
n̥ hnagis —
ɲ njalke, ynje, galmanj fynnjet, jønhnjurgurvad
ɲ̊ hnjovad —
ŋ ñostøst, ruñeš, ježañ suññolus, ôhñôad
ŋ̊ hñeffu —
p piet, vêpin kêppêj
r r rokwis, irêst irran, erhrênad
r̥ pêrhan, fêwir, hwellarz —
r̥ hris —
s skôhad, bisôlt, vruolis lêssøht
ʃ šuskej, iršoþ, almiš vaišša
t tyrwan, lotad, þaht hmatte
θ þagge, žøþad, spêþ —
v v vêst, møltavad —
ʋ vlisus, vrô, hveht, lytvente —
u̯ ravdad, živvirs, niv, aldav —
z z zenjotad, ôssoltôzis ôzzis
z̥ skerz —
ʒ ʒ žêmpiþ, tyrgežihke ažžênj
ʒ̊ þahtož —
Semivowels
w w owwelpiv
u̯ wigent, kwêhwe, owwelpiv, ôwihke, lêw
y̯ lyngwin, jøkwivintad, nuhkŵôin
j j nyjjet
i̯ jam, lihjunad, najekad, nyjjet, melej
Vowels
IPA Examples
a albet, talt, kwêssa
e ekai, hlêjent, lygge
ɛ êhranettis, mêllin, þê
i irêst, valis, jarji
o onǧud, vônnolji, yngio
ɔ ôspinwe, lônsênad, neftô
ø ørvest, jøsad, skølvø
u uspo, oruð, hñeffu
y ynad, fynt
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